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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is 5spq rh .0. l.yulsfe9b6p7pfan


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is nl n7qnzl)oi+lz1 iv8)o change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamictyt;l hk3qa1;xu j76 ss, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twicuwjg v sp f59l+ *xa6zp+f/8cae its original volume with no change in its temperature. This procfljgau*/ swv+ 5pz 9px 8f+a6cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During seo7qpz0g7 /ek4cy/l this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What ilc74qesg/ 7ey/0 ko pzs the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its ojp2sn7:r;nf y pf 4dlh,4ecn2riginal volume during an isothermal prosp n;nf4h,pr 2fn7 d4je2cl:y cess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 Lm 0la/cijec9:wz7h .b2plwn2. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expa n2w:cbahwmc7 9jl0zi le/ 2.pnded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed k7wzu fmw 3e-/qep -z.in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged n - k3uwe .efpmz-qzw7/o heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t8dl1kd o,rnm 8l9y q6w-cna5esfx 1y1hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its o x/hlkwzu5** yriginal volume during an adu 5yxlzh* /*wkiabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identic8h(*bwx:e iw0h gif p+sczk; -al in all respects except that one contains fke (gwc hziih+0:wb;-sx8* p$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one contain p-xfj3qt:x m q1zs rntjr0)*6xzq/3as 3xtsx j- qaqjzxmpt1n)r/: *3fz0 r6q$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is owbzk-du( 6 nx+u8zdnb3 3a, van


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no cha tdrb**s v3-irnge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamha;06xugei 0g ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expan5b *h3p0 skjacngl yww4or h)-x.73ead at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This pr7e 33*psh )w5g4oc j0xylkaw.r- a hnbocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gbvb/zg78 9ir kas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy or/9 gb8bik 7vzf the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram ismta wijo 2clzk3q*zto0/ qpe/h81 z02


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, th1+c5d bo( sbnaere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics jo4rg+qmr ww251y 8sj, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigig, gubf-t3s)7 ayf-)r 1.m3 yjpunr xigsqa3(d container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This pronqb y3utj1 g( , frr-gs3-afim )aug7xy )s.p3cess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at coynew8 r 0d.r7gnstant volume. As a n redyg.7rw 08result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics dx ooka5w:u-tw :*7hu.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a colexavc (4ylj/:azbia9 i9j rq /7g. 1bkd reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transn4e43m h/n8b auod)n kfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of t yyxd8ct;5p9t * alyt/d+ms ga6an:j/hermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken througys scn urf9wnr.c tjh)7z g: x)+(8 -n+her)nvh the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an evt9cswz ( gnfe)):snn8 rh+ xryh) c7+j.r-unngine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratioa0c7t/mfok4;z3vwy 5eh8ms w of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sih aysus z,wbrn1z:9 y2 n4:om,nk musthamb9ow4nzzu ,yn y::s1,2rs be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistp (ss )r,mocj+s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second qbz87rj(wf(onr6z z2hv 7- clp v sj36law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as h(w ygwq: lv,41qt .)g6z4 otvfih 8xlthe ratio ozxl 8h4v) .to6hlgqtqww, i(4vgf :1yf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a h0 - pp5 ighvaqt59zd;peat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of tllno* y rx06a,xmt1m7he water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that m4ez w+bum+xb2k oqeg) g f6m//ay occur within an isolated system, febb2o 6eg/ /4)wug+ qmx+zmk which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thehq581 7s4r-oqcbqun ermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thert / fes.pf m(bcbn-erbw.. k33v2phc8modynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ides79fj;0wobj dfn;*kk al gas. What is the change in internal energs;;bf0ndjw*f o7k k9jy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gek/8e9at7a1z1 xqz ga as. What is91z1 aa xzegta7q/e8k the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ide06wnoa wbng3qsa/(6 f al gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change infnaa/ogb 3swn (w606 q internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in co1 m, innt l.7vqy n;7kseb,68o1r stbqmpressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?r8 1,te 177l ,bmik.n qsbvn6ny;qots

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whatyl nb:vs-w7 bp8nc)yo:h d)o 6pzja(6 is the cha)vbh6 jb a)o6 y:oy(p-znws8 7l d:cpnnge in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whq9t:fy 8tj0 /px yo1.xdvqhd9 at is t8 ytxhpf:qjd0xt.9/d 9yv qo1he work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internaav dg7x)h9d. hqdrz52 l energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat egdx7q v9h d5adzh.)r 2xchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constan -yarngftvz 2b*io6 e55v/rs7t volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 42r v/ay r75vibgzon f5-s*t6e 00 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy -2k m 4(e4 egkgq+wlqc70jns-sd-kh m:nvpf)is removed from it. How many moles of gas 4w 0cs(ggnq)fek jmehd-+n-l kv kmpq 472-:sare in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at 6)vj xryob 5kl,nrz)+$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and7 w,uy0dbeg /u loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiency u0 e,by/wg7ud?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency a8oqyl*;, oow 1pta5gof 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perforaao,oltg5p* 1wo8 y q;m in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives33z93r vawkcb 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycleka9b3w3zrcv 3 ?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ek+(zgkdhg 6k2wij a v*di+2 k(ach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each c+ ihkkkiv2+(w ddz *j(2kg6gaycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyc)3fxb))oo+ ly ;f agju20kubble and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate thjba+u3gl);uob0bk yfo x2))fe work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characte grc y3 8dtbj8a5:3ajrristics: combustion chambab grra8tc38y:jd35jer temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng d:3cul7k*o zo hhs ul b.54wgrd1kp8/ines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion cham/z3gdk8r o1bp *dw u.:h7 5s 4uoklchlber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follfha5(djx) f-x n3 58 wif8pisqowing characteristics: combustion chamber 3ijw8nf-5xh( x5s )fd 8aqfi ptemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl,xvmq1f 4v2- h/xnru bant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW ofj)dq98 bpko 7 0dvkwgvg0y:6k electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The c w4dd:e isge/c*jk:*plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates betwe v:zl7b vhj/sp9q:j/2ip,sbrlo vm;(en $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine oper,+:f) 3sg4)biqg-a iduqm9 tzd +ifjdating betw :sfi3++ q, dd)mq gi d9i4b-taf)uzjgeen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperatu 9wl0;bxgbhd ibj1w:hn 4 ;x4ire of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir :h0 ix wi4n; j91hbwg;4b dxblis $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bet u7j q90bp9wn9db: fcgween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the0y 6jzezm rnh/ 4*xe;m rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a 4zerznjyx 0m6h m/e *;room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compshsag-fyt08 m:/aki 97 .cadyartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of per a9 78adghsci fk:.tmay/s0-y formance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator 0d9 q n q( (+m9ga nl9(zx,pdrk(pyyxqabsorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required inqrd(9 (lnxgz(pq,(0qxk+ yp n9 9 mayd each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt at *kv 0h :( jy11k7onejphxr.nv$0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freeze,qzmhvpy94mupuvp20 c *;pl . s, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP under p6 0/+jx.qknga9s,yj; np o,i, zdmulgoes an isothermal expansion and its entropm.y pnap /jx6nljzu;id,90 k,g+qo,sy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at f .bgsv1jb 88e$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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