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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graphmznywwcz, 3*3 is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process;5x.nom-fj(ail vnd 7 , there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna bxhlw /*c cc3+u6*lc.c;nqfrmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded tovx mrb*fk9m+8y bix4o 9+1xdb twice its original volume with no change in its temperature. This procesyi ob+ xm8d1 x9bkf9v xmb4r*+s is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally fr: xgn7rv sr,:wom 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this g:,:x rnsv 7rgwas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during anuyq*3;mc j d6s cq;e69 fvzz7t isothermal process. The fzu*6zf c ;3d6;yq7q mjte csv9inal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this processb7y gauir.zp 1 b+ zup/x uaf1(djpzs .9534oj, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of p3(pox. sfbjru4u 1.u1yz/p 9z+d7g5zb a ijathe following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compresscm2yd9j7mu +n ed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchangedd9cm n7+ muy2j no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,34 c8oyd1 2 hykiayzh; $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed tnkt xjm,v:rfk 85*gr2sf5 *mjo one-half its original volume during an adiabatic proces:j*rm,58vn25frsk xt mgf* kjs. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all wwp0dvnz s4d+e+:n i- kt,1vq:d p2hrso5no 2 respects except that one containszeks :0,o 5w vnd- +qth2 +2n1wr4 opdnd:spiv $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except yu1 ;vj 8 6liz180xfapfwsw;v that one contains 8v sfwj;a;zful0pv 8wi1xy6 1$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on rhe/f8rbu g61ke;ur- the PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,1t4ve8bs f s3scl;nv9z1ya0 h there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamice;,7)nu wjxfj8ae9t t s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constangsm;-jh(kao 9h94ouz 34f l r (sa/ts fh5bw.rt pressure as heat is added to it. This process ihzhorf orks-(3 f(5u t .msg9w;a/ j9la4b4hs s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of f um, x1g)frp-ideal gas at constant pressumff,g ur1-x)p re. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV ds6dr s,50gi ujiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no cha/5 bkaw a..d-zzrfr 6pnge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ir h )en,t+ufv77wf5ethermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container tn,ewy 6)6mfxthat cannot expand as heat energy is added toe xn)6t fw,ym6 it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred kk 6zlvm .s2cb-y5a4rto a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy ofklr5ab- .6c 24sykmz v the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of m2oq32kgb3ki+rg w0e7l t wd/0b5lnmthermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a 1.z h+jci wyph)-lm+acold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot r5h 7w58gpefmyeservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics yrwwobp;6,6+icepoun+ . /zjaccording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cy;.0i3*q tclmqy8uqgd eub+ 9dcle, how much work is done by a*muyl9qeui0 b 8cddq. g3q ;+tn engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is def .xb* z)jyr wwww/0./rzwqam(ined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of sd*hihc.(i2a 7ttl9v d1h im bg 9yqw-6c3a(aa Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mua12-st7 li(3i *ch bhdwm htyi.vagad9(9cq6 st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists (h pa4p7 n(qajof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck state8ot1kh8wohn13( et2v -yzt pk ment of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perform-:x+wuz cicx *ance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ozxccw x+i *-:uf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as bry6lij / tl2,on vx)/the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the v ed8/p*+pb03nybc u9ci qf1centropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur wkqhgg+nvrb3qp9wy92cr 4 q :(ithin an isolated system, which one of the c ky4p+c9hqgq: 3q9w vr( b2rnghoices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the f+w(mxwy yc1b *;:ttv q8a5cfsecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics sozy6xs/i ) fv0td,1 lleads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed f kb5bayerqp76 +ysyf2: / qu6brom an ideal gas. What is the change in internal e: kr a2/bqquby5b6 efs+7p 6yynergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed frodzv,0kg4r0 zo m an ideal gas. What is the work done in kdz o0rgv,4z 0the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an is1v49y l vf3ajvuo**pd othermal process is -400 J. What is the change iv 1 py*jl3dufa*4v9vo n internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done tpwx,+iue( 6bpm jk7( in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?,ej( + 6wix(up ktmp7b

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is t+hdnunl 0x- cea -ogh5x*hclq7 90dw(he change in internal energye* 9 ladlhhw0 0qng u(do7c- hnx+xc5-?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal eneri tg:e k0bix7r :rexx(c r5j/ivu;z(5gy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is thbex; i:v( irgerzt0 u( x5jcr:x75ki/ e work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whajhzh8(q r5ksr26fks. t is thsr5q 6jhsk h2.rf(8kze heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of i(t0kyh9ivk4px x(4ya monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled bk (yx0pxtv94kiyh4 (iy 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 cr5e*b-+ *, mvqotcnv +lppr) J of energy is removed from it. Hoc* p *b5nmlt++) ev,oq rcv-rpw many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg1if p:( n :g3 jl1udww w.vs7:jz7wftq of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heatnz- ku9s)bkl a3k, 7gc and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effizb klk9g3,7 ks)ua-cnciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an) ty,dq a lf61m us:xfgf:vsga3u06he7m g/ 8d efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?t 61gd3/)8he 7xusyf:f m6,f q0 s:amvuglgad

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an ef-zvfrk. +ecw0ficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in w-0+r.e vfczk each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcuuwb;.pg) . lpv2 n(cjylate the efficiency pl.( .pnc;) gwy2ubjvof each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eak; ao yvq05i8ych cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the worka0 yyo8v qi;k5 done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng x/ysehb8r*-i -s pl0qp0f2 tbines built so far has the following characteristics: combustq f*ep y0xh8rl/ b0 bs2-stpi-ion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followin)6jscp ;c l6tsg characteristics: combustion chamber tss6lc6j)tp c ;emperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charact*9t:j)aeuw ig eristics: combustion chamber temperaturee) :tui a*j9gw = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of ele.5t8v;)ybm( ey krjgyv0mkiz d79vg+ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of xf d4(+cm6cmx electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of eqia1;4/buaztws evj za;ya5+-d *(gelectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whufhc :,hbcs9 ,,q bjd1ich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficmnemjzsh.m+8 d y(+d,m 74vw miency possible for an engine operating betwewmhm m. s(,n8 jdd4e vymz++m7en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%5 u,fwoz;mg9x. What is the temperature of the cold resmuoz5 gxwf, 9;ervoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwef/n 91m;1pt l4z/ pzth/cwopfen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing co+)iwpdd(71.rh7vdzvr (vh pympartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycz7+ yp(.w71hrhr) v dvvdidp (le. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k4z ct /up2un0mJ and ejects 24 kJ into a roo4/ct2p0mun z um per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat fs1 bm qdqe i)80qllpxm80pph)/ u;0rzrom the freezer and expels 356 J o)z m10uqpqr d0p)im8/ 0bsp8lx ;elq hf heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of i)kf -8a9nhai2jhr n (sce melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change indd.qm3 ji-k)y entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an ij ,+ cxei32elmsothermal expansion and its entrop e+e3mlj2xi, cy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 2ox)j t/ckr id/ke) 5i$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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