Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal x).*epc+zdd1u)h l n sh3s rn(time” can be derived most directly froxnz hph3+(dc1s )n ls.u r)de*m which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits wie slojr*-9b3 v: 3dpc.c1me nuth the Sun located at one focr 33 emj.bdvslp*1c 9neu-: ocus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the n0z yxoq9 cy:f;mv+ 8aforce of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between tm; ao9:zn80 vyfyxq+cheir centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational fy: ;(atgj v:j/ )rmcqjorce of 4.0 N. What wil:m:)ca(j gqtyvj; jr /l be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating y:/s6z17c. f 2p yzco y+ytfdvplanets, X andY, have the same uniform densitypcdz6 z+vyy7o yt sfc:.1f/2 y. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, havd0v4 .8zz)8 dpn5ozi hloezj0e the same uniform density. Planet X has twice thezozpd0z0z d4nv5.8)l eh oj 8i radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculato*t(gx.gun a,wcw* d 9ed if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following c*(.w*,ogwt uag xnd9 would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F v dhq wukej+fw7oz /+ wv79i-3at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he vefk 7+ qw w-hvuw39/jz+i7od was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence o0q:br gebtzg*p 5m 2 j5,vwlu(f the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the mz,gw qlm: (vtrg2b *05be5j puagnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the eaqlyd w5 kx29fa-(io /xiu)ci 1rth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the qu )9wa( ikfyio1/2 dc i-5xlxEarth?

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11#

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99.33: One object at the surface of the Mo2e8 et d td -749,qkvjuox,wsyon experiences the same gravitational fwd-tu4,9 d8ek,oys 2xj et7 qvorce as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that x1zvx( i6 wxo*has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of 6 xx(vw*x ioz1the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twice the radhn n*w -k r2nmjik7p2(iu 2i nmr knkwn(*-jp72hs of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a 80p(rmu5qg lxradius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mux8l5m 0( grqpass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellzw 1o1l 3gzdea*h poiw 8x-k/ py;-3lgite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted onp*8z g dk; 1/g3p llxo3zw-ay-ie1owh the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass obb s5 6fhqt35ib mm./wne-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earthfm5w imh6b.b q 3tb/s5 years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circ*0 au;dz)wn cxular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of *az xuwd;c0) nsatellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the t/sf3 2*txhalm zd0+tEarth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem,3;vjs*z oywe5kxe 47x the word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. e;e j* s4y537kwxovzx If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbitmdi-tktx1.bgh9ewlwx j5iydfo0s 4e : r11+ 7 around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), wh1fxy djiero7xwtb9.ke+h 4wdt-s lm1015: gi ich of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star systemhd93; hve :vn.uew9sn shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices reprevds:93hv. 9 ew; hunensents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circ vz1. (.ch4lg-0fanp9ncsd sfular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket direcsl1fa9s (n.d-vfph0.4 nc g zctly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is