Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal t 4;o/k w6grpzuzvx li9gbi1s5)2 xx,n ime” can be derived most directly from which con6 l9,p5ivu/ zg)24bxx1wko ;ix szgnr servation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with thrs ehm16g;u uz(4zgq+ e Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following crugs gq+; zz 4mh1(6euhoices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attraction between two smavbc *+ -jnhub1ll objects c n-j1+bvb*uhif the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravi f bz8y/)ztd ihielv6 mnl5m1+ym 82+ptational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distanc/ )+mezzp 8826nltlvmm5y iydbh1if+e between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X 4b33ijh ue6 e bzo5e(zgt 6)dwandY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius ozb 6t33g weu4he 65o(bz)jedif Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform de6ev* onss74tbnsity. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Letosse*bt 64n 7v $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is ortofv (r/p vzbg1,/+rtbited by a small satellite by setting the gr+v g bt(rr//ofz t1v,pavitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn 1xzhz z* ey0ltr9 :3ug3 jea+gwith a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to wht+g03 z:jgx9u * ar1lze zye3hich of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of th5os7aq; y v(jkntv1v2 e Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of th72ktj yqvva;5sv n1o( e Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo fors9wx;zqfjgvuk1h xm/i 3f9; 4 the international space station, which ofk3;9iux f;shm9/j z14wqv gfx the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the srcp )oxt bkig1b,wyc 6h5e;0 x5lmi3.ame gravitational force as a second object at the surface of;i, 1ki5mexy5 0co )xhtcwb6 .rg 3blp the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weiq +0asv *7pe.y7wo orzght, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfw .+77 ayrpez *so0ovqway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth an .,ebax(luiw 3:4qq tsd twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational a,x4i3btas(.w ueq: q lcceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radiia:/1ngaqzx/ us one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s q gnxazia:/1 /mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit wic5kp7v / r5wnoth a constant speed on/7cv5okwp r5f 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical pla ,py 1n :lhgib1j,qn1(ow ),zyddq8j jnet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the plaj8),oh(1di q ,, y 1bnp:q1jndjzwylgnet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circula.4 t-8a) wzql)vl 7b.pfsceqzr orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite. )- wtq4 c ez.qllsfbv7)az8p 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit ah0)o 22 skzwzbround the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers too 9ff1 -fy9ocb the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stopfo- y c9o9f1fb rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet mou),3qgr) /ovla 4wr eu1afny4ves from aphelion (the point on the orbu/13e) vr4ura4lf,) a q gnoywit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow circular ogt ,rd(jtsa q+ n*.y.drbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices repraj.,(+ tygd.qn*dsr tesents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand eek g,n thc9)bofgi929)lq 2gorbital radius R around a heavy stationl2thqkf,oegige g92 b9cn) 9)ary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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