Which term describes the splitting of watew5-2wmrbv fk; r molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions an rw2-b5m;fvwk d oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixatio7firtx5b,cc ) n during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experime(g* dmwzi:a nw /89gn fwo7ft5nt investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?zw 7if8ntwd*g /5fgaw(m9on:

  What does X represent?l0cn1 u 9:ljlc

  The Hill reaction shows electron tr3f(dy/nxk1n9sb d,cz pt1h( tansfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dcyd(( /ndpnb31, sf x1tth9zkye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chltq hk l w,p6,(sm9 tbtvkbff*7 4j3sg0oroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chlf( l g v94jfmt0 psthswqt3b, 6b*k,k7oroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tempc8v0(rvmbzqlae 6mf;ldhf*9h +;1;o m8bxbi eratures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the ratxfq00rcahsv 9 lcex/(- 3owv;e of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the q0. id+fdp.ficw5vz+k1b n/ h / sd9agCalvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes5voh9xlijz k 8;y64 rr3sp. ov place in photosynthesis and aerobic celly svv9 xih5o6; po84rkj.3zl r respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attrq;atb(: i ba b)zmaipc4 t: j1+l+d)pgkbf*6 jactive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hyp-s(pj zq 1o8odrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for pho(szjppq1o -o8 tosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesit jelq0e/vu h*n 0;e7os or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is o /8;lyfat7wemctgv a-(/ u a5 ;rwg ey09rf,noccurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis?wf e8fuw ;m;a5nrg ,ac/ 7 vytl90o/tay-gr(e

  Which structure of the chlorohxe0w3qcad -46oz) + agdi.ir plast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP andga +-xzedowr3aq 4)cidh. 60 i ATP?

The diagram shows the seq9b) rob jhf7.paration of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chrob7 )o.rf jb9qhmatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climateeg.v*p. m3nze change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondwe3 pz evmeg*..ned was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct rangeevo7o v:a2*pb9me i4s of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and*:vsea9eo24bio vm p7 reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a prv hu6s kky4..tocess where carbon compounds are produced in the presence ofuv.syh.t 4k6k light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakhhdyt (0 t*w6boid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of phoht6( wh*ty 0dbtosynthesis?

  What is the process p (8y(wge 09l5d mcckdthat takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosy(yl 98mwc0dcp(kg e5dstem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does q*aac;i ma+ttgux *3o7l(g3bribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation;gicb at(3 g*l7uo qt* ma+3ax?

  Which products are form /mu*:9daionded at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactino9d*d/ iam:u ons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can by;q3 x)imd.bte used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work .;3md) ti xbqyout what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultr/ g )i8nvcb9*(djl dadastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the acti8v4wu)e t b1mj oo8ta2on spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respirati ,/dy6qk2sz7mux5w k smn:yby3 tm+1von are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of photos;:r8 uwn(4 wsho54j muwb s ;haw5m8qaynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxidauh5;r5mwsu h8 wojsnwwm 84:b aq;4( e experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is theyd9wd7)bye; cya( (h r role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it fo ywcyrda9)d;eyb h(7(und in?

  What were the resulttblajj.2 aj:f9n1m yd(*y ly )s obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine j ya fatjyl:) d*l .y(2nbj9m1the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?