Which term describes the splitting of water mrq g 3nf)wr6x42i +ktr 95hnttolecules in the presence of light to produce6+rx tfrwktt)g3qn92 in 4h5r electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during p 1t,: z--vl s8/lyvgxxcpla6 vhotosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an expe9jjs ,*rg at8hriment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of kee rt98j,jsahg*ping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?gm .u-tbx-7 ntx0u, sqvd c7r,

  The Hill reaction shows ;1gaqfkd6x9 c 258voeu 3qdaq electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the kedg 1ac2qa3859 f6qdoqu;xv natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part o s.sd tcb)h,/hf a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found h/t)b hcds., sin the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of phk+65d9qgya4bzn3d q iotosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity pw ae1 / yeo7k.k30a cntz)8u.7eonenon the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occ0 clwl8g4p0 clxt+xa jia31/ ipd::gzur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where ch d1(nn8 efkfx(emiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratind(( 8fk nfx1eon?

Coleus blumei is an )j-uy qgnxdg. hl87o)attractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-depen r0pjhpu.. -.qf;6wpai dac v(5nqj 4adent reactions for photosynth. a. pc4j0vqq6rwpin ;j-daa h.5 f(upesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynlrsdx0 . ay5.uthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indepe2i4+mo0 ddrz48c tusondent reaction of photosynthesi ud0c2sz ri4t+4d8omo s?

  Which structure of the chlorbv-4gax 2k1i3mc qfb1 oplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP anc24fk vm a3gqb-ix1b1d ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments u;6 cui,f1x szssing the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent1 c ,uzx6ifss; propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of cliqv2jvn7ktb:; b. xjz. mate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed coni tj.z q .;xkbnb7:2vvjcal flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents thxt 8abm .)mai6e correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed6tm.aim8a b) x and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a prov(25k :v xlo y+fgp s,dh9cnltpp2(/zcess where carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light.f pltvyklp(o,npg v(9ds:zh2 /2 x +c5
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane inyg e1)elxv8 r( the light-dependent reactions ofy)r 8(evx1lg e photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before a)er s3n kszu08f9 )byexcited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to k uf9s8 yz)aeb)r0n s3photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast doe:0yv45(k apd;x+ p6ziwalmziyu35 y hs ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylationky:aiup(3hm5;5y +l z60vizda py 4xw?

  Which products are formed at the end ofksb.2 y;p aqw- the light-dependent and light-independent reackyp .wb2q-a;s tions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Belowq0r wv,me).sgt6 pt3oe9jqv72 e m p:r is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments areovp 9j:eq276 3mt )grteq.smpv0w er, present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlo(zg9h a+e)ynea/q; ycroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for phepcur -0i7n/ wotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellul8li -c,z fgfpk9j/cv+(p, yzsar respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experim.0ahxjh87e q*my f6xx mm5z:kents are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) exfy.eq78a h xx m5mkz:m60*jhxperiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystc8- exen) f;)ev,r0lp1fybn wem II, and what form is it fle0 rvfn 8) n-ybx;e1pwf) ec,ound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiep5 :6q us83hnpvy zx(ij,/nvment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthn3isv8xq p zy(6 pv5j:/n,e huesis?