Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out y o w)h8gt3l. h::d,lc*b*lz ulp c: 9v6pepdiequal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservation gl)eb9poy ,i:ph lldwt6pc 3 .* :v8u:zlhd* claw?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow ellic87,k 9s+mik:azbo w q8sdh :jptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the +s o7kz: w hk98qcj 8m:dsbia,following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attraction bea 0ezjm.dt7u1 tween two small ob1d7jume.0 z atjects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a grabc5, fmrqot f,b( ma7(vitational force of 4.0 N. What will be t(f ,b tqcfa m(brmo,57he force if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform densitkfow3( f p)b8gy. Plafofw8b3) (g kpnet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have t zrn61 wh.rka9he same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius9harw6r1 z.k n of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a pla c43-li(*y gb xs xi,(bwl4axs8c w0zynet can be calculated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?cbscs w x0yy(,a3 izx4wll8ibx-*(4g

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational bm:ggy 0 1kf 8bq9)voo8/q0d(kcl hqg force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational gbqbq1d0cqokfo 8l9 /8y k:gv hm( )g0force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the l/-:wcrzzppmbsh 3zd s2 )838xo1loe Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude3d 12phwbsx-r)p3/ ol z lo8c8zs:mze of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the internax3o/i6 am, nhxtional space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from x/a,36 hmin xothe surface of the Earth?

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11#

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99.33: One object at the wqil osnok43d4kvx;1 )3( nlbsurface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface oon3;wk4)4lik b 3d(1ovsl xn qf the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, a soi,4.9 njjtbx(( rne)qx2ti nd a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which n(itojx , bj nt94qsrix(2). eof the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times themc*j b+m9vk/ a bxb)4n mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. T mxjvm9b b/+4k)can* bhe magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Ear +0 dl+zkcwmt(th and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitat m0l+d+twcz k(ional acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit n+dfc)cfn.h e ,a)d(dwith a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbi (a ddh.)+dne)cnfcf,t is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star rqdlk+ck 3.e;82;reptv boz 93;qq bx with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. A;q3orckztr q3x lb9b kq;;d .8+eev2 ppproximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put x;;9djro po9 iinto circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satel ;pji9rood;9xlite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around tv;nr xj(+(ruvx ujg, 8he Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force lx yx4ot;23hx a scale registers. Ilotx4h 3;2xy xf the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the c8/vf5ta c/ 2lez u9mxb2ur;ux omet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is trua8 ut 5f; x//zerc2l2xmb u9uve?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown,ggq m*dgrrq8*cog9 -a:, i5rb the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choicbogr* q :9gi r 5gcrd*gm,q-8aes represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbi 26jp4i bed8g ei8gxy(t with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semiypi 86e2g bjd8xi(4ge -major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is