What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved fromkuyg9cr,( .,mehz p. v the same population of cellr 9. my uhkz.vpge(,,cs?

  Identify the correct .vrr4 6u os-gsg y(t3ulf;p4irow in the table regarding the formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneous gg2./rnnsh* ycxo+ eth sj +vcf0/lc:(eneration?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used inlzuzbdj u)nr3 pcg4ct0icol -o+7+.9 absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons /ydrjdk85s;t f ge29gthat RNA is believed to be the fir;d 8ejf52t9 dkg /ysgrst genetic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experiments conduxiwm t/ -q+)xdcted by Millerq)+xx /it-mwd and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th centur or/m,f1co p + 5f,or7t yoyry3/s;kgxy, vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced+y 7;3m/oorp /gof yyof,5,kt1 rscxr through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last universal commo6x ic eo,x-d /lv:0cgun ancestor (LUCA) could h0: /gdo l,x e-ucvc6ixave emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Lo2,6x uo/ zx mpn+mgbn)uis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at xnzo2bxn p6um/)g,m +30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experi od. gt1-ynea. - 2xop-gtyv8iments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placyp.x1v ogyg-a 8oi tedt n.2--ing broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic prykq,s14ou.tvq8h-8z p3nc *pvceq9d otist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the functions of 4v9pon 8yh qt-e1* ,sqk3.8cc upqv zdlife.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.