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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means forq*pa cxa)8 vmf.fifm8,hp:w 8 you to observe or measure what is wp:f8,aviqfpm8) x.8m hc f*a outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimen s: 5dmvphihi ump46j n7e7grrp i;3t+p7i6j9t was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the result1wzv kf vi f:*swso44lpk c6sbr 3823ys of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an intei;jnpd48;htwe 3exukg b. 96qrferometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity peimt1japh qt(:en,1r 2kb 7r,xhn,8 q rinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.ov2pt/9+ )cp mf.3zawx a9gc y
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rzyp:gl7 jt-4mp5t06(.k7c ghe c ml wtelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating lx 9b 3n;.2cjp-f/6r:sgzaqeaacu * j the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the samesz /clep ;ag.frqxa*j-: j69 ua2n3cb in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatezvm rjsl7x qa0is+0 ;( of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specic;,ixtrpts(8 +h *7p( wc r dlfx:qh+ual relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshipn ubl4wceq5ac / bn 67-jrx.pg ;b9v6p moving away from the Sun at a speed closc5xce6pb.9 -rl wbvp7 guj/nb 4;an6qe to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationareym5 *df:tw9sy observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is *kid6-i8wq e o cc*1za(lay n.defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride a zvcqc +ws..7+2 semrin a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that qmse. sc++ zv2c 7awr.the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observery7(7phtt if h(, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thp a0cs(ktk4eagm r43:at approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured sar3kapg:mt e 0kc4(4by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengtsthm 9zgg .edef;z-5v) s5+a bh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obs zd s5)-e; gahf59 tbmg.zsv+eerver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of thma8pv z(c2-9 rxjw8;djhi es-e particlecjewx8arj-; mv 82i-szh( 9pd

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum8i f(57qnfgl4goqk nd63.r rs of the particfg i(5srlnq3 64.nd8qfrk g o7le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As hm s40 dlvi w+ kj08pz-eux-e.it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moszeh.-vx-mpw+ 0u8klij0de4ving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic ma8;/wfxrxqj7 zmkmg .1ss dou7j;x/.mq1kfx8 wm gz rbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relj: +3)fy2gk 0uo+ pyj+c-j :bpgvajvfativistic mass doublejf pcygvv2+3:u bjof)+:pyagjj+0 -ks?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ok.rp.k 6myv ;).imo3ibvfa 8x0(rnkhf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, ex3 l-xrjo fus4 /bbqfc 5o(*7aach traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from t-57cjlurfsq bxxb *3ao/f 4o(he Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencef;0mg ,f 5wv(it,ayx)nck as7?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you e3vch;6;d l,qs1(du th i 7y3je-c dwywould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedikfrg a(h-rmn(4 p -(d, relative to the shore, does it move inr4p drh ng-a(((-km if a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. zyi xa,x q2-scn8/x0n1fu- m xy4; ztxWith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if thst2zicyn8 z fm unx4q -yxx;,x/ax0 -1e boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to theznbbys1u i7)w 1:wga) shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if tizw)1a)g:bw 1un7sb y he boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clockox0hsdv zr 8bh1i:y 3- travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half i-0xhzhy1s3 i8vbo: d rts normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hourgm jy w,ln 574zgf2mk+s according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elf5jz+,lk7 gn w4 2mmgyapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are i5dq ,ff j b-l(xb)9qs4iu ah*vnitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 si,v)fxbq49 qf lu-h(5* jdab years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yeapi/ y7 (ucb(nxrs according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, w ((yb7cpuin/xhat is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengnen w rco-:t:*th?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket1e.y 26pg-e*pmgv zqg ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed bypeg g 2gm.pey-*zq61 v a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a space/r8(1sswf yur) h3yr aship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appea as8 yursh/) wr13ry(fr to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system ou0s0wi- u (hiis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A-oii0s u hw(0u spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,f,mx92/(sfds mxj*t h which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 9xf2(msjtxf *m,s dh/0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centau yxvjo00l7:pd ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c r70pyx jv o0ld:elative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelinm ja/1deum8ezgi*h:/g at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rem *v6r)gw1yibalev m bm 6o/gio )0:2ust mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will gnnj 80 , b824vijffuo7yxo:j7nrr 0 jincreas0740 j,8nj yg fbn2rf8 jioo: jurnvx7e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in h-kordh *uvu6 9om3;(y)tghq$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lq tk pv;zg1 -afi+pb71oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a react7k1l;ee0/y x+akm fzvnqkq; 4 ion?n4l1e;+eakm;y7vzqqxfk/ k 0

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram ofs6/ u4 cnsif*x mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 147 msst t(;agl+0,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released ene+;g (7ass mlttrgy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is th g8bly)k -k n7bim+ vq(sf3:rte speed of th(+)-b 8ykr tqksb:m3 vfgi7ln e proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momexf5o(sf v8 3x;qes iij/fb7) mntum i i8(5/ sfq jibfsx)m f7o3evx;n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio.-vyn -saxnb 3f0/kdan in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rer;zjm0xd .s v;action in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.oqx+hb2, +tgy ,1 qdjb95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to xy(k(4u oe5+kmmz5axvb- zy9accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.z a5xmx( e9(-5kozvb kuy4my+ 866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, wr2e6pezcii 18h3 ;lo$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has it 2 yx achrgmsh*dalil+6;a;((s mass increased with respect to ilxh;;2haaiyda(gr(m*s c6l+ ts rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure thep1gnk)r0rbxk(2ebi,r aj:+iq o,) yp speed of light from+ypkr ),o:p1a)i n0b krr( bqijx eg,2 the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. /ww f4)6vv5rfwl lfm3wf8t -kIf the ships are headed directly toward each otherfwwl-wrkfmv6w fl4 3 8f/tv5), what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light t.e) , u p( b;sxpye ub3epd+bp3fgwp89ravel from t+bdgbx;p8wee .u9epp pp3 ) ,ys(u3bfhe headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eazd-z ysff 4ub 3tb)m.-,etet+rth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth.-buz )3tmsd ezef+fby 4,-t t if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fr ; uuot1i)n7o rjcpj) 1j4snj3om the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earthn n u1r;oupcjj )7j1 4ot3jis)?

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