Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light tr3pfh qws mhbpu:1j 9b9a2;6lo produce electrons, hydrogen ions and32phhabu 1f :rjbqm9;9sl p6w oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during3)z((gfdsrnlvn b7 n8.xv:yo .p ,sb n photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investiga-iu/tbx,ixr m1;bsj0 7ghx0lting the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a m1s/ 0ru0ixm-ilxh7j; g xb b,tethod of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representtpnedu y t086vz5ajgk r;51 t2?

  The Hill reaction shwfq80 b 1s 1m.-tkhbgexpoe.6ows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the naturf 1ogbm8kb-.1e 0sp6hewq x.tal final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of rj,-l6w 2p gjcx7f rxs:lk3/va chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the par7fxwx2- j3l :jslr/v, cr6kg pt of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at diynp( 6. 1d afh z7hxfz9uqx7s)fferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensitys:kbl :ro47 hf on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the C;8yh1fsp 5zmwv3 p3b salvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows 47k: 4st) jukohui2v y bcr).xwhere chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell reutxy s u2v7jk: 4c bhi)r)o.4kspiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leav2q:- kkme,b .qv rw a7kifax+/es.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for 57ciq6jse53ta1yj y:qx z ( zophottya5zqxzj6yc( 51iq:s jeo37 osynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describe8uhbmjop/ph;9(6(v jye wo* fs photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reactio)fz mmf. c) az:bys+6)nodyn/n of photosymcfo. a/)b):y nzydn6mz f+)snthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduce;a -+y,kr2x9 q*ko,mvs r eyj *tmfxz;d y;m;x fvq*zrxt 2rjm,,9-+ aoy k*sekNADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigwa8; 5h pvmtw4ments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent h p58ww4vma; tpropanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate ch(c. r+l(bmev,n 2x pkuange on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carv emukx r(.2l(cnp+, bbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of waveler.6vfuelnag)71o,p b- ir 6mq ngths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosyu, 1ql.-m )6 rarv6i7pbo ngefnthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are5qlfv 2rup8 k3biq67k(a d2ca produced in the presence 2rd7b6 lqq5a2 c8(3fpivkak uof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across k+:p6mfog5 mif xq(s aa8t7)ythe thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactia s:i+mqo6m( 7tg)kx 8yfp 5afons of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place bb*niz cn798dz efore excited electrons are transferred from 8 znnd*ib9c7zphotosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxy gb qp5os2i;b/21k pjkor5 q3zlp q; 3jpsk5io2r5q/ 1g 2kzbboation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the lqz unq q.(bws3w33k1v ight-dependent and light-independent reactions?3b3 (uksvwwn 31qqq .z

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Be2ny:l 2mw b1kylow is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in thybln21 w:ky2me leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastr( y/hjp/lv*d ructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action speehdo: 7q6 dyjg +df4-bv.yy 4ictrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular resp,.a,chggz -ehiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmemuxn6q)6t k* .rdnp 9- lp1dgdnt experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-a )ddnl.r* -kgq91ux ptm6dp 6nir carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the1h b6as c rm kz-e/sbx h1frum4w89g17 role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is crb ramu 4he 7z6swshk/ 1-8mgb9f1x1it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Cabb.o)wrz0jbm:eziy,q6 i-nw 1 4r 0cjlvin to determine the order of tb 0 wy:)zoie, rbz-j.q i06mb njc1w4rhe light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?