Which term describes the splitting ohgoa jxk1 zo/fj6 y*90zu 1m hj17de(uf water molecules in the presence of light to produce electronsyo71 /fxkma h( g1j9zjeuuj6*1 oh0dz, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photos*y6olaa,g c1n un: ht(ynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effecte7wq 3t g :ddo8yz9scv7h.;p n of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant valud7v:s d8 c7e;.nhp o yg39qwzte throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represenrxroilm 2- (. wlct.aj5 wn1ivu+/ wy0t?

  The Hill reaction shows elect uz8t9. w:yrkuron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosyu8k wyrtz9:u .nthesis?

  The micrograph below so-f4:7p p nub,pk5audhows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structbp5 o:u-n dupp4kfa,7ures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tv1h4vczt6f. b,z r9lhzz/ ,0svrwia8 emperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity oj- 6f*ok6p0a c2dxc ymn the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvidfy1rke . g+wlg)9 .(glg 3iwhn cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctlyjiz.jr kzj17cu7r zq4c5mp mrxo32fng+ y6(4 shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirac2r +3nj7 .cm7py4zr go4x 6zuqzr( 5mfj1ji ktion?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leave) f.b8 zxk)rihy0(rwts.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-depci oiz lk nh s,9r/0c+.grb6l1endent reactions for pho0 ril6h 9li.r kocb s,n+zg/c1tosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly descri 1l1qm k.1s ;sfr (z:yzeznyf,bes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indepen pagb ),lvr0n jazm-39dent reaction of photosynt- rb3 an)p,glj9z vma0hesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most in0c3 t7rcp.r vofdj)z4volved in the production of reduced NADP an7)c . rtf p04rjvzdoc3d ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layhp 1irp hc1 yn+b6j; 08ov4bc7ua,ddfer chromatography (TLC) techniq8a0+nfrjdd4v,y oh7bci1uc pb h6 p;1 ue in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impa+xhxj*xa 2s(1 vjr:h hcts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed 2hh: s xj1*vx hrajx+(conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum rkdnk/ ,2be it8epresents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosiktdkb , 2e/n8ynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process wh3xc n; g:.3 p b.2zlsc)tkquntere carbon compounds are produced in the presence of lighx:;b3qnsc u.gz2)t3 cknt l.pt.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoidzq sv2,8, ;jkasa reo4 membrane in the light-dependent reactions of srva z,e2j; oqsk, 48aphotosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before ex,p8nqznq o0u0 ;u46by 5fovhxcited electrons are transferred from photosyxof5qzub,4u vpn h086qo0; n ystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphospcw0q** ix zt82ipd w 2rt0xjaa+4l:3dmv4 zvrhate undergo carboxylatio *2p2t tdjxv3dra48*mw0xv+ rqaic:i0 zzwl4n?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independ4gmojh(t-+/8 zg/wj8c9n ro mrc/s vh ent rej/8/ c4/ hzrc w-gt hov9r8 +j(sgmnomactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic l(c ,hj4nn-appigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigme hcjln-4n(,pa nts are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of 8dbp a1 fljc,cyp/ g84a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photoscq p16wele6vpxoog9*+, ,p teyf8(gtynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cai wsp/3z(xqh5ee28:) 3 ozcs rm+fijdtalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future ratest7rsui ccc0/ q.( pr5m(4;ygeo bcu2x of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments4 o.r7mcu;s5/u reyi20pxctc((q bgc over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role o2bsa 61x)n9icmdf: p vf carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form isv6xcds19pa): bf im2n it found in?

  What were the results obtained from thm,j af dajw. .vz/gom:u* (i9re lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of po,9 g:daiv jj f*ru(maw/..zmhotosynthesis?