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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on th1av m /ct8n 3-hfzn6b0 bbvm;vlbev, 8e T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is norvtp;;z fsc/i z3ax- + change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo+hen d s:om c( 24lwn(mgn,4hsdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its t9qs-k +ni/qhoriginal volume with no change in its temperature. This pro n-/hqstik9+q cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30jr4g3m7z4eo +sp (wmq L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechan7 jm q+sreo3m4z wg4p(ism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to onesciy2jj 6(cw.yu 5 v;sx5 xhi(-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The ;j2cchiw.( (xs juy5x6sivy 5final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proce,ujq-kc , 50rm ybq .bq.iysx-ss, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is coy0iqkrbq,-mqx,u .5-js.y cb rrect?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an i8 d45pk ij9qqcy:iyfl28:j mh ge7j3vsolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surround8di3q7 kgijy4 e59jc qp2:hf v :l8yjmings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tsca5 syo+/ nd eahld /7-3 eqa 3k/0cdo-av-vhhermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comprewc wgnf(lecb. nes24a8 4gf h 4l89o5ussed to one-half its original volume during an ads f ceh2wfg u8444 9wl.nnob g5cea(l8iabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gac/lscy hi9;qlc9;: f ws identical in all respects except that one contains:l;9cfcl ycwsq h;/9i $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exceprgbcl; (. bog7t that one contains bgr; b c(g7.ol$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is qvh83)b,qs f4ykwo 6gan


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, th, a yo+jcdyk09ere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyqn vns+x l 25r5jio,6qnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is a64ig2n d oc8n;uy;wjkdded to it. This process i c ;u6wkid4y;n8ojng 2s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant1 bdsf6sq;6;u lg e1z9wj6.bnmqf4v/mpoyv 1 pressure. As a result,;vfl/;e6p 111y9j6mmvqds fwb qn g6u zb.o4s the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the 2o e2 qtxzc(vqv4t(k4PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, therel apdlbu/-vpa: 9 ,+ar is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermolzzs-(um ql)9ul* e 5vdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy i97p)cjgu*bqxug n9 /0la; c cgs added to it. qcxcp* 9u;/9ub7gjn)cgg l0 a This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant hvzm57e29h yn volumz29nm 7evhhy5e. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of th8 i ac5ee6ks +(w abu(a*+nsmqermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to+kqaaf k.y;uwl q 40z)aj)c .xx wdw,3 a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cynbxow + 1ssk 9w(5g2qold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according ,euqvks 85;)d mtv9wnto Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through tp6vorswh knb6k *21mn)2 ; jb9b4nlgihe cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatbj p 6 b;mbog692in1lkk 2rsv) h*wnn4ing on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a h/ewna 4+m1gpwz p.k .yeat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficie5ezpwda fkzaw(e46/80ca j1jncy of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must bae pw/wc56j (e8 0fajdz1 az4ke

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists. jb-xwf,lua1g:o 72abr5m rnf ps1, l 8dcq(c of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Plan fwm3age,:u, f1(1js,tr gf6p y8wsmack statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a .seq;u 0ioa)ogv 8bc /refrigerator is defined as the ratio o /g8;)oocqb.use0 ai vf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perforc79c 1q; aexb8t ,x2nk5k sshvmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy onaodw0 eam7y h+76 gxke f4.j.f the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any processg:a0hm:hkx1cedr .7j8kkm m 5zqdywc8k+ -9b that may occur within an isolated system0.w r cb1khd+9a dj8- kgxkmq:m:hykmecz87 5, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the secondco1t(vhthx: lm9gk07lk z .g* law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leqzdg3b 4k:k:j 8zw23*mq scqvads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal kb rb +;e/s,0ladk* zb5tr1;l fz9qgw gas. What is the chan+akkf lre*dz;lgrzsb ;950/ b1 t,wqb ge in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat isv/fvaq4 pk 2wico(/i,,gm w: s removed from an ideal gas. What is tw:ci/fwopgm i,4s aq v/( kv,2he work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system injatjwd -d3 .k5 an isothermal process is -400 J. What is tjj.ak5d-twd3 he change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. W6(akldh:kf w;ws :k- bhat is the change in internal ener -dhwbl;s6a:(:k fwkkgy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic procj n(z;nche 7v qkoj3-/ess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change 3-j (ec/onnjzh7q; vkin internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesvzn8zsh u1gk/ p.1z*e7k( rl is, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work in.ghrz81*ukkpv ( sl1e7zz /done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processtt8 ,a:t e/rrkk *qgk8hb -a2x, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is t akk*8:b2rt qt/8h-t,xrg kae he heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomiz;d b7 v7 mr.tet)m r))fa.xqlc gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 40 )7tardz;t r7m )x )lvbmeqf..0 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume whp6ezow.g 3a80oup i q3en 831 J of energy is remg0u68ep.w3 zo aqpi3ooved from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at 8imbq- l2;yfe$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. nbab43- +e kak What is the efficienc3-4k+ ebak bnay?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 :d7r wfyjg d0s/1jz c,J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?/yg djw 0:sj71c,rzfd

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0 vii +:vdr.b/3 mzjo)t% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle ti bj/.idro+)v v:mz3?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal o s j:pu-(r1,vom7ukds f heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the 1vus mp(,: 7-ujskdroefficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcul)c c8t (8dkszeate the work done each cyc 8czs8tk(c) edle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engin:mbj95q:0 kb j( fevxhes built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chak bjjfx5h:0v(:m9 eb qmber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicf5fwe tklmwsv1x4(4 8s: combustionlkt(4 ef wv5x1mf sw48 chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far haskl ehzj9n- h5*iy +di+ the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatu zhnyeh l-9djk+i 5+i*re = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW o59 o aqg;go,hif electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric p .hc+q 8xlx-fu/i3gk0st7ev b ower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genera)fftst.4a6 8k 6kmy6hc d5s tftes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates between j cg).9dqxs+.aqq n8b$450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficienm,:vo zhb k:x:cy possible for an engine operating betwee o x,v:bkm::zhn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.)syd r(/ ehpiqbd ew/48e8u4jx*c u+w0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature e u8yjwx/ps+q( 8ubrdi4hdc)e/e * 4w of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweaiyp- fvn,z9i25k /wl00z phzx/ 5amxen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmec:w6qp r6ar 6 w 6i*8u*gd 2 c3)bt0gzdmxyptunt at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room pe 6g w ap*wg6t)x*q6t8rpz:udr0 3 6yb2d cmciur cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing comp*4 91dxz ymj8 vzrnr;eartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. *n4 ;mjyre8x z1dzv9r What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operat 3 4i+sj( d+w,jn9woqmeki4 hqion, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is (+i hkm +n,w4dqesqo3j 4 wj9irequired in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 +3ni5(wm*m/zpn ghc27npp pa g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice frbe).4 uxz b48zadc9 gaeezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP ud35d: g1h y6,dmuwwebndergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes u bw: g5,wdy6d3hmd1eby
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at *x tes ib:86 ot0qw/vs$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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