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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V nx+ vlns4.4j4ah ms)n9,ijiaic rf 6 1graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no cha9f newo;- ;l0y ejmhz,nge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsyi,a rj02x +cqgr+w2w, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its originalze6 t6 f6uyt0/rs1rdz volume with no change in its temperature. This drr/z 1 e6t0ytuzs6f 6process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process 1ak04r 0kutakc gam83, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechani0 c8m0 u31akrkg4 akatsm that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed.xren6w z;8fm to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure er6wm8f.xz ; nof the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20wnrvi/i* ds,as sq+r 8m.dp-, L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statev,*imrd. w,/r8isn pa+qds -sments is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compresse5hd; )zu3lxwpd in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its lhu;pz ) 5xd3wsurroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of gzsvtjiw8)y* 7z c)v)thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is c a,zq13: ,byduh,gspe ompressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of t,gpz 1ba,:qye3, udhshe gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one con6 kb 1k2r l 1m61 o87goauts(cx2jkvfhtains f1rls 8km12bx uk7c 6ovko2hg6ta( j1$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas ideaa11 r7ndcgt1ntical in all respects except that one containsta7crag d 11n1 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i m89)nhb wf.tt6.1 asnh o6nwys an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change in(q3gxkma18 9ez is 3vp

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of +aj2yl,bxaa ;thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat**13xwvz4pfw.v g szeb3 m 9at is added to it. This process a e93fwxmzswztp.*1v v 3 4bg*is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat ener7dc .mojxy3ibtzao 232cp e 32gy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy o323oc cyi 37x.po2 t2mdb zeajf the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram1-ztxi*:f .y p pbj:ry is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change inskc7h5rjn:vol o d7+ yp 5m20v

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo352g 6dt rlzlx7e8v afdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat;azhn;o; bo.g energy is added to it. Th h.z;abgo;n ;ois process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tranqe-v1n9n0xal;f v 1hysferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internxnfv11vlqhe ;a90n y- al energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicr ob-u6 m.sx1t*6 syzrs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to trauoi a (qp7-yzog7 i3y1nsfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from rt kic kb*5c7jthqt2)/y74z oa cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics l 4or97/e jw+et4n jja avrvh+oir/z5m6z 5) vaccording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle ilfc,dx c8uny qm 58lazz xqt1/ 6xjkwg+l- +a.7lustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by a. a8x+5ltm-n7c z/ duk xwxaj+fqy1z8 ,qc6gln engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the r(q2y e3z;e4 h6nujdl tatio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, u wh84xjiv wn;cywu(*2wm 7 6rthe heat sink must b wu wnv w(x j4*cm2w8ihur67;ye

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consiste-v1,s xioi7q1fi5 / nqzqjk0s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second lem3qlp snolbtnes 5pjp ::/ fn; +9*o,aw of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a re 97fjf6n6u 2/ zzfi f(cqu3igqfrigerator is defined as the ratio ofgf(u662 ju/qz7fi3 nq f9cfiz

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfowno j70hxi,i(e fm*zig1 .0nr rmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entc8a )81qg mxkn+t8qmvropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second lawa;5uvj3mj (e b of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?5;me jbvja 3u(

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemenx9)zz7v qfobk h24q r ;a6uq*lt of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclklbo(dxy8c/ h(j j (1lude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 4 -k lfnzra* 7jq;z /t(4bwnhuJ of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the f jtrwhn* bnu;z(/ l4qk7z 4a-change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What trc2-*pz1og yis thegrc oz t1yp-2* work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 + s ko 6+zhy6eppeq (ef,25hhqJ. What is the+h(p6s+ q eh5oeeq k,2zpfy6h change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change en,jzk*;sv;;i 7rwbiin internal energy of the n; *wzk 7ebsr;jiiv ,;gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiaba5)9ns4ho us c(7bjllstic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in intern)ousn59bsls 74 jlhc(al energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a syst nne;lzu0qybvnn4 7:- em decreases by 50 J. What-7n:n0q; zbnu4ny el v is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, z)g 5hzr1cl p87 bv yfe1d+ve1the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat excrh g1fpz7+zd8 ee1vlb51 )cyvhange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it isvljexos+ ):3- *tyo ep cooledtvy es l) 3po+*jo-x:e by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energyf0 ,6qnuuhqe0k m,c 7.r-yf ok-il/hq is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the-lfk7hqu iy-6k/u mc, h,.qr00 o nqef sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of 7l9g+*pqame jv,4k3el6fl pfwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in ea3-3gc6 9.g qwzl vllvh8wpi*zch cycle. What is the efficiencpz*hl8q3cvilg63wv zw l -9.g y?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receiva( h5n v+4xvl:4kdjmhes 150 J of heat per cycle. How muckmlna:vxv(hd4 4 5h+jh work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% ueysq xyc1zo pn k,-r-c/6w02and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. Hooep/cu2yy -w1cz0 qrx6 -s nk,w much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs *f7gn mw)md5y 1fo/c7 cbslj864 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency oyj *7f7mn1 oclmsgdb) w/8c 5ff each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcaqrmbn(-kyl. wdx ivj1 )e/ h/5l. Calculate th.j n-i bv rx q(w/e)m/y1d5lhke work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines bu 9+k1fczcv+1po+pj kgxry u3*ilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion crupv cz1g1x+kcy3jo+p+k9 f*hamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the ftjud e z: :)yelv2x;.rollowing characteristics: combustion chamber temperte;jx d.)2eruvylz:: ature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines buil: z mqyqd4t1r-t so far has the following characteristicsq1-ty:4dr qzm : combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW 4m(3ba5g wtwu, znl zctm5z0)of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses ,x*jl 5a- vkoj(svz3q$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power.1,5i.ospjia.rsl3 bi The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficief6n/ , uy2q i++baqdhyncy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine ;wf ov(2n4 zx3fpl+khoperating betwex43ol+ (phfwvn2;kz fen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature puiwn77hn ,e:u5 0m oiky8z8v of the cold reservoir if the temperature ofw8 0 hyui7 n,8m7 povzkin:5eu the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatpw )warh2h39 qjy2h *jing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate5 9cfri+qk.kbslb: rbw 7k/(qkqa5t3 of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required ic i/.q55bl3 kr+q(f7k qs kwbb r9:aktn each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing comp 2w ) *q1+vh+t+wnmwg:foih heartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ g m:e+h+nfo+ht hq wv)2*1iww into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the fo9pgk2t wb3 .qreezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How.9owb32qpkg t much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 tvz.l9zxzi wfl9b*030 3 3gy 7tfkg3 rkgga.a g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freem o)4yg )ifl+jzes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes dvx2 2ami w7;qan isothermal expansion and its entropy cha q7wima2xd2; vnges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at bsbaqm:k 4eai:k:uau7 b5 n.1$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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