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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the r,2,w6 cojse xT-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, th,wr +5uw bhxgr2w j*g-udh4 4gere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, n d 7a1nxn+6fudz7 q4f$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temperan xna dk8,z9 zc33gv;tture. 3c; nvt8ndax3z, kzg9This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isotherm4 h:19vt0i4lm wqjptlally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy iw:1tqt4pm l09 ijh 4vls expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-h.3bol xjzca 0s 7y(v0ialf its original volume during an isothermal process. The final jo7 sb. ac03v0lzx yi(pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermallym2w 12 u2fhkqbt5 :hprw 2tyq) from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the exter thphqf25bwmk1u: y)wq 222 trnal mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed sh+ (i+cwjs -uin an isolated environment. During the event, the gssi+ ch+uw- j(as exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of th6w9ss0zz7eimjp2d( k ,+wdfr ermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to p tte.mih(t,p hj2-12vh; lh pone-half its original volume during an adiabat( 2pitp ;hh h-2mjl.t,1ehptvic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas ide ji2s-ej6vgy :euq,*tws,rl*ntical in all respects except that one contains tegse 62l,yqr*svw:jjui -* ,$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicrgstq3xni bcnvm04te m-10 9y c8 r:n/al in all respects except that one contains8 mcnr9r snq n1v/0btcm 4 t:-g30xyie $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is a+tax1o :kzr p6j0m( n,o0 scvnn


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, ther0 aii2edfv1v 2gxx.4de is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tjro52ng7lnkasfxk g5x7* )*r hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This pss dh(e:pnu2ot/ m6 :artnu6ea2:ds: hm/o( ps ocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat ener;-srxz2j ql/ oxe(kc 6gy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant p/oxx;2l-(6ze cjks rqressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is4yo j+ns3 i2it


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change ih nr;kz9mdqo,w, l h+q 4(i3-osxe:jin

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamichnxvm(+ pjx7yo2i-,xx+ 67iqvv -)s;hxx j xe s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid containe eh(8gmpyeh. -r that cannot expand as heat energy is added mhy(.p8ege h -to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal 4 4zjz ld0zms3gas at constant volume. As a result, the internalz404 sjl3zdz m energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of ths .zfjeg6u7wq-d-2 wsermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from ngf3zp ws3m yc5fob/+p q+;7fa hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir/jsoe;6c)5mkobv h p sb+y1* qzrdi+5 to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermody m6 ckonko/o2;pyc/ -wnamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustratxdlc 2r-8tx/ged here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatingcr/ x tl-2xd8g on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined h,. ivxf-d.y0:qha eh as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sinknpcdg 4jy(j :7 3/umol must be:d(j 4ol/juy3p cn7g m

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists k 4wicc,s7b+a of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law 0brc +u:(pp qp1m,ifu of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of al/z6hk9n lu/ o refrigerator is defined as the ratio ouzl/ /ko nl96hf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the r..;ownzof h4cd0 nh2 w4uidw11 b(dli atio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of t +i r1)azjsia4he water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamiy 27kvb;3;caorgqr /ecs, for any process that may occur withic y/2gra;e vr; oq7k3bn an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamlmzxvb1 l ly721f:e,lics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of the e 8j 0ipe ijo2x;4:l+:0vc zsf9zutgwrmodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal ga (m4u*d8qqb7id s/uti ,w r.yvs. What is the change in interna7uqt4 w/sd,bq .di8v *imyru( l energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an idealbgply(as pv2tfk4 9t,th -7y/ gas. What is the work ys/9l(vt2fk ,h bt4p7gpt ay-done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an iso 2 duv7w 5kek/:gf6v2 gpdo5glthermal process is -400 J. What is thuvk57o5w:d2gg2 6vegdfl p k/ e change in internal energy?

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本习题练习题目来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressinr*6is4l1gwsh: ):va *utf 9f izl4lrug a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internas*ivls 9: )rauuzt:*64fhfrw1 g lli4l energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Wj7ebon+l6q)ub7i - hruxd i*hkk*84r 9kv3s khat is the chank3vis x*6 qui u*k-ld r b774jrkn8b+)kho9hege in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a sys jnn;nhfc+r.3tem decreases by 50 J. What ifchj. rn+3nn ;s the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internalhioq v4f3sx ). energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchang fx4hq.3)voise?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is zjc(y o72 iazf /;p/yi,: xxpbmaintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from tfc/ x;y i :zx ,p2(pbo/aj7yizhe gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of enerlkezjp v9 . p33.hlcf,gy is remov zpp f9lcjk.. 33h,elved from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of l3mgbr/0gi092 gift3y;hq .pumz4 m rwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J ink zb/o0*+r)jjwisj( m each cycle. What is the efficieizmj(s*)kow / rjj +0bncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receiv-- :add )b q7cireepsiv 3i21ges 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform ip-1:csar qdeg- b i3e )v2d7iin each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an ef0/8zwz -ku ibor0gpp;az0uc 2ficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat d-i0 kuczuwpa08gp0 zobr2/; zoes it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kca*bqy )o 5as:j+ qrj hv40habi0l of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cyq5 sb0ayj h*vh :i0r+ jo)4aqbcle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and egzt) carqv 8bf1+7 b5tsz:(utxhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the wor ta(b+ zt 5b1z:u7fq 8vtgsc)rk done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characg qy+(fe6(t1gxt bj:x teristics: combustiony(gt6x+bejft( g :1q x chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has p;xu8: yon /pqthe following characteristics: px y;opq /8u:ncombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so farohwzp;;-ogkq1 q: w 5h has the following characteristics: combustion ch wg;w:z p oo;qkh-qh15amber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elegtrtqcf+ .7 lauw;)2f ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powewpt:f(867 rx3jwsh sk)h hcu4vlg9-ir. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl6 elfhvkm:1zuv:z)t r 7hk9 j9ant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficien,tgsth4s9 fo5 1 zn,k9:kalfw cy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating bgjj0ra/ajx f.tm o.1 7etween famg 1j0jr7t. j /x.ao$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the t9,)y0w oqhk8es(pxx temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hxeoh0 ,)s9qykw( p8xt ot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betw2 ud; gp5wbwu+een $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 tg85 iiufly7; kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each 7ilgy8u i t;f5cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat fro (*xoww t)l5) 4c mdxos3)tmngm the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. W ows3 wx( )nd)4mcg)tot5mxl*hat is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator ab5 t9 2vhbn9wz94v /t fzlz/mdfsorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to / lbtfzvdtmz w/29vnz 9h549f the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt5m b,ed/er8d5mb9j rr at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ezbr,sck 9tc4 dk3 0m,jntropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal /fl; kfxqh b6- z hze/5uw+)pqexpansion and its entropy changes b+kqb;uh -efpzh) /56 /qz xwlfy
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at b nbetm,m4cm pzsg46m 6 kh*80$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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