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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is2*en7qv ryddlsit2 /0 an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there isq4 e4(v-7nidvhm ,igg-t ,b5rt8jzje no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermot ybllq85ah 4e p*dfb v6:y w*57x+dbadynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its7.r:weuqe ffac i:a :2 original volume with no change in its temperature. This process is. ::aae 7eqru :ciw2ff

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally fro bv76ndu k vh38se(,kom 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of in s(7ho3d ke6n,vbvku8ternal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half itssk4iw(n oa 0q; original volume during an isothermal process. The final press 04 (s;qnaiwkoure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During1cml)5xnz6d7boz 0g i this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded th1gl zdoz0x75cn)imb 6e gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isola1cxt.rg* 8fle*gee1 eted environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its sufr.e8tc 1x*ee*gl 1 egrroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamwlntt 3yv-h* a2(z t7iics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original c/eiw ket u6up +g43 0htos*j;volume during an adiabatic proces4j wechiutu 0tp3 e6/*kosg+;s. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects ea ea.;1kakf)l xcept that one containslf1e aka; ak.) $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identirae4vw /fsm2 ;pv k:t(cal in all respects except that one contains k;4/ m:etf2sv wv pa(r$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram isy5 h* gin o-5achuf ai23vo.-k an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chant 9 j:atg6l1y1vt7 cg byw7iacb2,k n4ge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo( + mij73uy,b+gys/ec acq *fvdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added toicd2;:f) sgqcl1cfx 2 t 86;lml1lbiu it. This proc2s1q i6u8l;;l:d )lx flcigc21tmfbcess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample jswc4dcpbmbo 2cr9 4 t/*(7dtof ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resobc4*9b mj2rwcdcdtstp(7 / 4 ult, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thehnr)x+ +vd;c0k1 gc em PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is n;ad/a7km yslh8 ig 2u0o change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of iegql*8pv5in /9(zjw thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that canno9nves/wxn )nx2y72 pxt expand as heat energy is added to it. Th2 /ns npx2)v7wx9 yxneis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat e jmu(cf swdr-18y.6o0p e ot6lnergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As6e8 fycs1 0 u6lootpjm-d(.rw a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn;n lrd).j+oylc69w8 x4-wwjxdh(rq c amics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfxgo ,f4 prh6r9er heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat froy sst-pok) m-rlk al: t02+k,bm a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamishx+-(v guoy7j. g)vd cs according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During on j djwe). 4jbzeq987fsl8;kr pe cycle, how much work is done by7ejs);p4lbwrq9 .fjd 8e z jk8 an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined a4.qh p wn(qd;tr2.cq hs the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heatvhyhew k4bn7(-b j1.sd,)c+40x2bzldlv i e j sink must b7)lzjs 4.0d b 4lxbehid1,yv (h2 j-+cbvkwene

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ms ;,cj.xbt f8o3dxbq9 ln) 5dof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statemen1kgsy (1+jizp.nci)b1un6l* lku-wn t of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) 9x-hes 1m+w9obw m/w6y+xkj7obo8rw of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of9jx /e ow8mo km +xs9o6w7hw 1wb+y-br

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump xke sfh sxd zq )y-76x9,,kd3dis defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the waes ov*nebb.d16 q.d)oter

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that m 3/9s) yt idn6(obi5ydpl* phzay occur within an isolated system, whisihp ny(b*5i)dtpy6ld 39/ozch one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemensxx9.fv sk) v,t of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics8 p-w koetv lwe )(9ebce,0p9p leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Wlq kf06)glkc5l07scah)egc *hat ilk 6ascfq g0k*c)5 gh)7e0lcl s the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal prov3:qrponrbn +rx0b2x,fy ,.kcess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the+pkn:x, ,f0no x3.bbrv2qryr work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isoz*w:;j-a9(ppy aw mn kthermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energ-k9 apw*y mj:(wzn ;apy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compreiirctonx89w zx,p qy2 :z4 57jssing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal ezz57,xyniqpo 9:cxwj8i r42t nergy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process whbd+yk8:ynv: - 3ljoh xile doing 25 J of work. What is the change v:dkhj+:- x 3lonyy8b in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy .zzlajc/:;t s of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wo;/.t sj cazl:zrk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreasek8ws-k(8ug 9daf;itt s by 50 J. What isu iw; attd8 s-(8gfkk9 the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of soo4 90t0 1 gnq;yo qhgo161u)ufuqv ia monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the ga1gg ustqoufqqi;o 09hn6)vyo1 u0o14 s. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constanfdwkk6 t2 v0i8t volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in tk0k tfv86 2dwihe sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of watiqq gk(7v .7gvsoa /2ier at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 30u 4,oqhrt e-,m00 J in each cycle. What is the efficiencm,heo4q r-, uty?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 3 +urz)xxj-jimo 6ltd;+k,j;s 5.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it pe j-,+m; i6xj)ls djk+tzor xu;rform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% aqrs0cd8wh3 3c nd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it ex w8scrh3d0q3c haust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 1dqnwnj1z- v 5di z24hkcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency ow-jin2q5dv41z zhdn1f each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcvkzy jai,w;+ dt: d8h2ulate the work dy2,kawv dd iz;:ht+8jone each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characte0d gfaf )b;xet(ep) : -solr*eristics: combustion chamber temperatua-xlb*pe te(f;)gr s)of0 :dere = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characte.n+wz;- qsn ch f3.sllristics: combustion chamber temperature =c+slq.- sf;hnz l. 3nw $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characf slrz6sa7l* gl2d e sd,9y+i0teristics: combustion chamber temperature = 062ll*sd7i rs,y9d slef ag+z $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Trtpoxuoc ( 70m:tj1)dhe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elewow+f*mlk +i 5q9i9pwctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The ..k+pxf l1jrl8up ++pfu8g am plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whic)l,.7sdxm8t6 sr ldn ;jzfbheec/w..h operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine opera*) gvth r4vwh1ting between v1 rvhg*hw4t) $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot rm +e26ln7byc3k qe c3engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot r + yq3ek7326elc cmnrbeservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating be2w-hvzm gi70)b fqk t2ev3p-ttween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate o4nwc6 tz s0z0d*h oet6f 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cyclcs4ndthz6t 0oe0* zw 6e. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezinpfvk;+ qr)g;rj 5x6ang compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kvn6)rxr+ ;5afj;kp gq J into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operatiorzx py05/q uu61 3synk4u7 hkan, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the ukpka6q3r uxn517yu40/yzh sroom. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice xi h(hjzr -amocbx- q 6):pby g*3d,y4melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change iaskr0tu n 1/5en entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal ext87nxo i;0z*++ro ygzeht lo( pansion and its entropy changes bgtonxz( +* ril tzeh7o80;y o+y
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at h o18(h0gfy qv$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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