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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on th mf+jy-;z:(*drju dzq5a2- rmbu-b sne T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change iitc db0nhn+i1, h7ubnob+9gc 03 d9jsn

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ojsn sv6 /93ee,uyk7pbf 13.gxr;bawaf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no cwdtf5obma7n/n:+*1vcv ly: u hange in its temperature. This p/ c: nny5l1o vt +wam7:uvfbd*rocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally frok:/3/ m gtyq-(1yo ntwdgofh0m 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism thntyt-y w qg o/m0 (3o1:gf/kdhat compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume duringdq*4 olv2awqix(8*p rl ;/dje an isothermal process. 8 p*/; (eorilqvwjda*dl x2q 4The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isoth9 l.n7dvnq2 swermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correc7 n2dsw.9 qnvlt?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly comnu8r+w5q4 z *r2 oahphpressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is8o5rpuqh 2*wh+4arz n

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, z5ewel;7e;t i$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas;mq ss d1-3ylt is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressureld3y t1q ss;-m of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects c 0(bh- xbjhp7)q gkd,except that one containsjp xdb0k)( bq7h,gc h- $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in noo3tux60j8pp8gt 1 qall respects except that one contains u83 ppn8t j1oqot06xg$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the(+lx3go f1en f PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, theb )e/46ekalw yre is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermbhnlgaof oj-*d t-t 4fe6r-48odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as 7bzhmc:tste9a;h0s/ heat is added to it. This process ismbse ; t9h/h7a0 :tczs

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are t3i3 ix8)l -ozimu7 jrnransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal3)nix- o i8mjiu7r 3zl energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on 5;5iswouncl 6the PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesexeueoo54ohv :.; ;oa s, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo tqt. w60ebj(:2gcqxodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid con e76y/s( -n4bxk jn . huar(amuk6o7udtainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This pran ukoh/6(. 6nxe-k 7uja7ru bs4dym( ocess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a wttuo46709:hpcl+nhd a sg x( sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, thc o4hxnatlduhp t 69(wg :+s07e internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law o8fnk9noj)q mj/ k va2d 6s(6jyf thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat fr5ggm k0u67;bss ogw: rom a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to tra0 bq2tbezef ,,nsfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausiv(9k q6n wdk7fus.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cy7 2ddz fsbl5d xno+23ccle, how much work is done by an 52+dbolds7f3x 2 n cdzengine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the5iorl* * jiue;is8a3t ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the hea dj qm au1j9+xicb1b6(t sink must bd1jc+j b1 a mi(qx69ube

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistsp-5 )qu k+canf of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck 5 +(esy jxenw7:h/wtwstatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performpt;r u83kim h 4mi *ewu+s8-lduyk-*aance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of kuymu u+ 34;8i8ikw-e at*mdl-r*phs

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performanctt /iumbks826 e (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of thevpb9z: f6butbe 0u 6em(y9ou 7 water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur wij(kk7n z k/pc ii.xf62thin an isolated system, which one of the choices applk6c7nf kzj/(p k .2ixiies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of;e0jdph4 4gyk thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of the fj :p8hi4-ehk8:1 f8:srg kh2o kozbkrmodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from sk wyml t7yjyy,v9; 2kwv87u6an ideal gas. What is thevkytyk6,72s u 8; 9lwmjwv 7yy change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Whaaju j nyna0t)ct 0h; r7)lxo)md;1 5qvt is the work done in th0o jc)q a0a h)nn;udjt)mt v r;7xyl15e process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas rsf3c jc.6 5vusystem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the chanvs3.5cu c6fj rge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chan( db5tl7d(j4yebbb06 bo a(hnge in internal energy of the b4jl 5(0bbta (ed 7nb(bdyoh6gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while dq+c8 x) bbx(d-.2u opubzg/8w oqo8pboing 25 J of work. What is t o8ob (qb q +p 8u)pbwoz2u-c8/xdgx.bhe change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 Jv8u/d q0ra 9hgh ra)8t. What isu89ah0q /at8vdg ) hrr the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, th nomsh(- all7.e internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is al hn7(mls.-othe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a mo u1: x4vvcwhk);-exo anatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feata;c:ex w1)uk4x -vvoh is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of e02wvz2ji- v dhg0 c2wznergy is removed from j2zdw20vczg20 -vhw iit. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg ky; ev:jbzr86 of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is tk zp8v 2yw-5atcjy/ a9he efficien8 jvt29ywz5/-kpaa yccy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and r/,)mz9mak jo xeceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it pez9 ,oakmmj)x/ rform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per 6 j9 hydb,aw2fcycle. How much heat does it exhaust inj6 ,yb aw2f9hd each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyclemm.gpyv2 vd xid+dwv+k0 ;)*. yar9m x and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the effi.)av;pm2 0 xgyw x9m ry.idvv*md+kd+ ciency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal owxw,j/9t(fe2 ps m f-lf heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work df(jtw,2 me l/xps 9w-fone each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engineslb)-,(ievth 6nz 5mgr0zi.s f pu*fym5i* ;fz built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatur,u ;5i rf) zy-s(mgmh0blzfvfzn *.56 ipi et*e = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has theircg2s . dby yx,r(n*2 following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturn rdsy b2(iy*r2gc .x,e = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi cr7lz,h .ezh/og4h.2 4m gdevng characteristics: combustic4ovg g m.re.l,z/hh z2h7e4don chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gzid b5/y9v / gsw;v7u6fsx c3fenerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generat;ib7.pch 0l)j i 8pzhqw u 9rzl4k5dj6es 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powhx lsc8f+ vb88u tl;/rer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which opercq-xg zd,4geqsh;( guh o 79- iwrp.i8ates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for o k9u)8w2t ywjan engine operating betweuykt2j9o 8ww)en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperaw0 +hz24h;alucpzuv 7 eh/m08w6qgr xture of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot r;eq /6pxc+g24hwah00v zzwuu8lrm h 7 eservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betlo/0l3q ozqr ww ;p :9pvgcm3,d;at h-ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat frssyh-f 1b1 5uxom the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cy5xb1-s 1yhf sucle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing cobs81; ajlt nf6mpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycb ;f1last8n6j le. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J o7fxpl5 lg.. 5ftitr ytfwa. 9v;r6(pjf heat from the freezer and ex6j . f lvyrtpl ;95f.wa7ptirtgfx(. 5pels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entrp96d)* tut giox79k 0acv7mssopy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freeglze prst- 5 s5y(ns7:zes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal emeg6 t bl *vnb3;z,2boxpansion and its entropy changes bt,2l; b bbz*e36vmong y
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at x j qhd r*9(ij/oisr;6$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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