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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the swf0:f 8f9gyjp )iy.iT-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no cha* 6-v upbo.0vfobtg2ty h ye-8nge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of27+muy9iqigly57:imfs s/a/ w;rcmg thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in i/p5x:6 gyehni:*fch xts temperature. This proch/ gx:*p:hxi cy65en fess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally(suc x1nc.lre3rag(sad 2)r : from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gaxa(( .r1ls3s2drcu)nrga ce:s. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vok5o2pclj 3 8g-k quk2clume during an isothermal process. 5c3qok2pj8k k ug-l2c The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proc +mo.cm9mk *h :1pjnphess, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanismojc*h nmmkhp+: m. 1p9 that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. D w)+z3cpm yav;b 7f09mtd0uupuring the event, the gas exchanged no heat pw p00uutvcf7+y3mbd a; z)9m with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics.;p - lk(0xt,xj)lr/ahtnq b n, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adp2ta3zvf jax 9 e)v6k:iabatic process. The final prt xv9aajk)p v632fez:essure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conamj( 5-v0zqr utainsrvu0m(zqa -j 5 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicaoy7tz3y h3 8bxl in all respects except that one contains 3th z8boy3x7 y$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagqhrsa7jrg cd ,4ku:81ram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, trs ruk; k,b b4hz,i2o)here is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermohvgnzl6g md 4oh-3qe-1wpo6 7 dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to explu1q(7p.yhh7 wrl+ -ftaz wtg 4ic+3kand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This proctti1f-rq(7palu +g3 wh 7y+czklw.4hess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal k khl8ja0y2*z gas at constant pressure. As8 20*za lhkkjy a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P)e6hi ih i chloyk5b*,x 6.fl*V diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chkbur9w2 /a1 gkange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ow9 dx2ji9uig* f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rk*dy1+ ky*d qdigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to i*y+ 1 dk*qdykdt. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas atb61g2x tjwx3/5sw jep constant volume. As a result, the internalj xbt3x15 g2e/ jwwp6s energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn5*u s72s ,sh/w )xj cdk+nkalkamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heats:- gi;/ougo k from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat az;q3 r-dgp+;4mndb e from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics at:6 igs g o-0 ph8qdxkps) we19cb-+qaccording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycc2p xv 1wt7c, i5py +51gqf3qj)hggk2xtd vg. le illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is donxxp)wqf27pi t12gh,g3 yj1gc55 +v c gdq vtk.e by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio osmb mtf-.pg:4 f

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat s/4a6,a/vgglguc9 ol l ink mustoacl/4,6 lg a9lvu gg/ be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis1 ju6f,bj2 4ydtkbcy4ts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynam,uvvu aoq:g1bh:83kfk n5 g.iv p,fy1ics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfo,1 ysy qyeztwuc9; iyt:q7 +)krmance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ofq :9e +uyt7,cyq yz1tk) iysw;

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pumtyp jjze+0bal.,21kco, 8kbh p is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropdoc,sw0ra :wa/k s6uc8bm3b0)h +xqyy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may oc y7s*gf6rymr fj2 s1+pcur within an isolated system, which one of the choicesy+pg6j72 s1f*fm yrsr applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statehclh(1os y-cy* 8s kuyy9fv36ment of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leb16wf2v g ngb3ads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. 31 ngkzd/4f onWhat is thog4knz3n/ fd1 e change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fromz*acyoh6z x7 2 an ideal gas. What is z6ao x7 zy2h*cthe work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal p- k m/txmm5 j-x.v1txjrocess is -400 J. What is the change ixx-t - xtm1.j kjv/m5mn internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compcmma2: : vlu1hressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in interv :uham:cm21lnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 2a/tgoouh8) - gcp;vh,5 J of work. What is the change in internal enhc,;)hug a-o tpgv8/o ergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a n1gcv sn gt(iek 7hwxz-)j1i p3r6n8(system decreases by 50 J. What is the work dkt)-c1 n(e(rg pn 8iwz3 vi7xjn16gshone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wo suw) nqq(4obxv5hl /h*0 7aihat is th5w4 uh) h(q vqsxa*bi0o7o/nl e heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at cqxxq1k lcw+90o;dtl.l a ,96 g;wcjjj onstant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feawlj 6w;oc 0k+d,.x1qj9j ; tlaqx9 lgct is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constan(y0ysp+d i1cvt volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. Howyydcvp1( s i0+ many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3(c24y rzcii 1 l2ed8nr.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses qgqfe//3v5 nwmir , /i3000 J in each cycle. What is the ei fg 5qemi 3/,v//nrqwfficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receivevid4l fc e5(,lqc5kc ,vc-5rlg /a m6xs 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?, lvckam6 rcv(qxl/ig,4d5l-c 55efc

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of ufzdg aw0-ztj4 qi(90 4fu4c qheat per cycle. How uzuw q49 f4(jg cfz4d0q -a0itmuch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycleo/ut 27x +(vqr8jfosa and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cor/s8o2u7a q vtfx(+jycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kca63 fzoilb x2 (ajznp.n d95ph7l of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate thnpi(l2zpo6 9z5dbn7ah 3x .jf e work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engin3kaka31/za xmxr 16qz;zo3 p kes built so far has the following characteristicskp1 aqz ;zxz1 k amar6o/kx333: combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicjajbkg4n/z8kwz; 1qqx5 bs :* s: combustion *sj:8ja4 qknkw 5 zq1b; /zbxgchamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterislx 18d6zl5zm u 3xfh6qtics: combustion chamber tuqzf hd683lxmxz6l5 1emperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th*lo r *:) e/tkafi9kfpe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electri 7,ycmixf,7niv bf8g.c power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plan -hfj+wop )v )kus3epnya;1 ap89eub7t uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot eff se6+ak +kc4vbiciency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theolrqf+ )- tg(vrretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betwee(vgrl)f+r t-q n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is )erzh81,z gqk the temperature of the cold reservoir ihzg1r) k8, eqzf the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweqzkv)yycza54 s;3 *pbt4 ;ikh en $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the ;zek/f q-2m7oml/k d erate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cyc k- lmoefz/e2kd;/7qmle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes hfqcikkqd aue58 aqev (2l.5:q(2 wwy 3eat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per w328uyq :a kfvedl 2qq aec5i5.((kwqcycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle ofk1t+t ko+p4 hx operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input i1 pko4t+ktxh+s required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt ap-zxdzpm5pm4 7i9 (mlb :w ;qct $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, th 2q8s0 f.yjltivy3*ry e change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isotherwq2 7bj 0f6mjsmal expansion and its entropy changes bjj62f bws7m0 qy
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at em *zwlf/jmwigs 1 m256y;*fa$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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