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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V bseh4ma1x +ly6+ f/izgraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changee tqow 3uti84+ in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,7jmmk-9a12rlo 9 ouud $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice im:/))h z xz5xy64veztks yv,ets original volume with no change in its temperature. This p6:tx)z,ksx zve v/z54y m)yehrocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this proces-bti1t16 f0e+vm tbd ss, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mech b0tittv-es 11fb +d6manism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half itsh/yw,s*/wph a o3s kn+ original volume during an isothermal process. The final pnw* h /kayo/h+3p,w ssressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expan *pfk e:mg 67;c+qdjz6 4kqfpps+.fblded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by thg *f+kkpfm46+f.p7;slz debc :qj 6 qpe external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Duri(brsja+(jxt n+niyc3*p czd0 tu3k3( ng the event, the gas exchanged no heat with c3nx ykdcbi 30z3j+tr*(nsjp(ut(+ aits surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyha6ou +6x8m5 z)ya+)mrzuj cvey( d)bnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original ic;fsaz :,y2 svolume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure ofy:a c zfi;s2,s the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects (p ql)z4s7g :zhzyl-aosqm (4except that one contains qpsg l(za s -4:m(z4hoy ql)z7$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects ewr*:p4m z :koku/mai6x 5aug6 xcept that one contains k6g5rp a4u:6kx mawoi zu:*/m$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thety kaq-6srj00 PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there isv 8lsxuxy:b3f83 )e zg no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamica2run 638dor ls, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressua-fd -a9 pjr0b dhl;l,tqd0l 3re as heat is added to it. This procrpalbj -309hddl ;dft -ql, a0ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tryp+e/v ixwn62u/sf k ,ansferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of th,si ex/pyfwu26kn+/ve gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diag+kumwl2/of9j-f 5roy-.uy,xvbzm j *ram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is ghe1 ar3q,k0 k q)aotm)k3z.nno change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodfb ; 68hv,g7cqf.qrayynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot g8;1nynadw +ji7n 4 qqexpand as heat energy is added to it. This pro indygnqwq417 8+na; jcess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gaxx gek3q 1-tej7/d5 d jc+rx(gs at constant volume. As a t57edde+x j kxrg g3-1(cj/xqresult, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicshk,: fkj am(b2.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a )b 5lws8 8df)gnud46rniyf /ev;c l1f/z*mykcold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transferg5d ,zdq /p nq7.l5fqo1qa-ln xrs6v. heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second lawy +*/wq(3znjj*w osj1vm mpd6 of thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much wkrq afxsc,05-t;p+ .c/w:kbug yqsqu cx 6+-gork is done by an engine operating on thispx 0 .wfbqgy-+q;t :rg us- aqx6kcuk s,+c5/c cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defhb.hj1wqlzhypa t5 k*( 544uq ined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Ca-6 q s:yo)as)jjir8zd rnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must be)sd 6q8 ozjys)r:a-ji

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistc sq36stfdow ro ag7;v5 4 0dz,ulp60xs of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of.0:w-nvarjd,tclign a /e9h- thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfr-yy.p: *8k7zoklht q3v( drqormance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of* tdpkqz78 .y: 3khvlqor- r(y

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is definep7+bryf m706 *zacwj xcmlc,+d as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of t zyis0,z:ml *uhe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thatt.f , mj-ydf)qpxb8m + may occur within an isolated system, which x-)m,q.f+y tjpmf8d bone of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynagxhw3w b ;v cy9 p,3s*f-4jszbmics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude th* n5(/wn/i dqje: rugaat

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fro/y lp6m*.sozeie ,:h om an ideal gas. What is the change i.zhpo* eso/ i: e6y,mln internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 aq:e:gjf 1m1w:e jkc;J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work je: :egf1:1w am ;jqckdone in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas bfn 6 9v6uw3xovih 5m;system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is66fvx;3wn ibhm9 u vo5 the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chai/ kpu 5qh+p kehj0w:7nge in internal energyqh: ephpuwk0i7 k /5+j of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiaba40 oulsu:pbq*8o (yvdtic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change indo* up vu4q b:0y(8los internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 a43(*q;ipr q)rcftybd4 ex)aJ. What is the work dq b3)f td4r(ip *yca)qre;ax 4one?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of -e jf;*wu0 k4s ,eqkwa4ps +xea system decreases by 50 J. What is *sea4s0 ;qf,e4pxw +uj kewk- the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maiz (a 7t+( ejozy+hw8uintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is+jo 8+ zewai((t 7yuhz accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 8,z/.2kjed ,l /t,ptct(zt7m)d tu fmr31 J of energy is removed fromte(l/dr,mt,, ct ktpu / mtf 7z.jz2d) it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kgms bxznc ,)uhp k3(ct3( q9t(n of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What yodo3 j .fz9p9is thpfo9.z 39d ojye efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat pe6pytw od 7tf+: lx;,t(kt jco1r cycle. How much work does it perform in e;(d6t:to,k px1yf7c t +ojt wlach cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35gcr8a:ai3.gv4g t ba* .0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in a*civ3t8ga:g g4ab.r each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eachi2cy w4o34wq3 st pn(c cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycle.cp c4(wnqy2s4oi t33w

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. a;s2n0b : l;ni f,sja3eujyg0 Calculati2su0nfa:j e;sbj0y3 lag n;,e the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far 0 bdq ;svr4fur3/,*xso, aiwt has the following characteristics: combustion chambe* x;o q/,rtr si v,sd40awu3bfr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built s5f kuey/8 r.bhkxio k,(tp *m)o far has the following characteristics: combustion chambe8yxo *.,km 5t ir)keuf/ph kb(r temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following i595,e xbbu03pbslk71s cq rd characteristics: combustion chamber temperaq,sxd5p3r sc b5k19bu0i bl 7eture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plantg,tvywt ,)pls jrhj7*0h6t 7x uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powma.v: aqnl4l3er. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant guoj(katoe 2fy /lvb.:21f2msenerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which obfs18ra9d44s i tkk7kperates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible ap zw6 x jd90aori/a.3y:c2 -qty9p gkfor an engine operating between aorj9cix za2/gpyq3 awpd 60 9.y-:tk$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%.a3rx 1hq i)4 bpn.m8l-tf,cki What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot h)mtl8 krcbpniix3., - 4 afq1reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinge8fays6r ;y0t between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the f lq-zmq1pl:rnkmk/,vkd ,7k1reezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ m1-,,1qllmkvq7dk:k/p rzkn into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes 4qa rbze2q uvyjndv:h(2wz 8b/4j;2e heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ r82hbqq/ nz j wuj(dvz4a4:ee2 vb; 2yinto a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operationp2hupp*w- , c/ bab-x 2rymg:h, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezerm ,xh bgw2p-ph:* racb2/yu-p and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change izo0nlp , tc8e/n entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy 6jy6a m+ /ttlris

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expi u) j3..blfrqansion and its entropy changes3 q.)j.b rflui by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ,di 3q0,g; 1aohsq7h3j 8 qvtz jb,uch$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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