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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph ishbzt k* umm2i,ngs(e;v4 i-i7 an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change ivs :5jx ij/h a+r*l3j-iut1ffn

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody-r,;( pva xo0izmno *knamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no chang(3cn 9vzern xhx513u 9s 7ukwge in its temperature. This proce35nzevhw1 xxun(93 kgurcs 97ss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressbc hlom 74m77led isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that coobl7cmhl 747m mpressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed toxrorur )r)k: 4+z4al9 t uew;t one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final rr;):zw+u9toraxu elk 44)rt pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During thisgkpqp c/x.t hem/30l- process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following stateme/xhpm/ c.0 qletgp- 3knts is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an q3qevbv wk :4zv*(o6f isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This qbe v6*v:o w qk(3v4zfprocess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thyrda- 8 ariibb0f6l23 ermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compresse74l+89 tttvg ccqhm;rod z*9dd to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the8mt 49vldd h;tco+tc9q7g*r z gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excervi) wvt- e2xgo :ww+.pt that one contains.i vw w )tvrg2-:owe+x $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respecti(woatu6 g ( o5z3el:y al4vg-s except that one contains 3e l4az t:i6- gwv(o(g 5ulyao$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on tuq7rae;xwvql 397cra z47bqph9( . 8vnjxh*xhe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there ovqbr1 u7t*/7v w xy/zis no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law oivz 2ua4k0/v in t*5ghf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. fcj:5qc5z, 6dbns sbcz0b,, eThis prob6be5c 0z5jsb,ndczc ,:f,sqcess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a saikrt4d2hs 8q6 mple of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gasi k6r4t q28dsh

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diaz;mm x (kjrksu99o- nb tq+u:8gram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chawq gponm4xx f:6h0 l a)b:8c5hnge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thvoqs;-8b dh.m ermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat ener22h8l mj2t6e+dbm hy66 uptcba yb9yqr (ib79gy is added tob6l9ub227m ihaj 8bm6+y6y et9yr cpbqt 2h(d it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferbbn xe i9c38w rlo,y r0,/uhwc s:n6s0(-fukdred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of t,hwxn8u9s -e ucd3 k:ry6i0,ofbc swb 0/(lrnhe gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ,ga76d+att2b6p p /w/1kupmplh xqd7of thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold rj4o1d*6pf;glvw b r*qeservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reser u: r:ao9 nx70xrxxibcy7)p7rvoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according tiz 5c lpgq4.t8o Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During ok7k wcb v jo3gx127( rc3cwxq,(du7 dhne cycle, how much work is done by an enginud 33vwc h1d q((,kcw7cro2j kxbx77ge operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defide x/t x.: rtafu0u4c8ned as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be+eki,a/m + gom 100%, the heat sink must bem/,ka mig+ +oe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consixw vudvg07j/7 3 s;oszsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of tx0 ylt+(wg;xyms +j6 mr.8kvr9e e y1ohermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performancebu;b;sutm sj bcr+w(l d+-o)6 (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of+ m +css b;dwbb -(;)jtoul6ru

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of6b mv(/ti-,ifcvt u)(ptpv 5ct e cr,* a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy o9fm8lpj ),fyd:nz g-cf the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second otgvw ,1jax3das 5n32l0g o)2rhw 7 nblaw of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choi2 ojaoga tg1n3s)5b dr0723lnww,xhv ces applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynf5hxazj qhp0s ( ;7:+st .wkfnamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermod-1)xeafqg9 /;fvclpv8 2fvql ynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removug0bki9xl: 4siqd8n4 ;ad6 zc6rlkg0ed from an ideal gas. What ibd9x k0i6:ckg8 rqg s0 zadnli46 u4;ls the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from anc+:r rupq 5ki0 ideal gas. What is the work done i:5+cq urpki 0rn the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gasn/6g9cszvs0 *h, lm es system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in inthmcs s0e vln/g9,*s z6ernal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in c 4xume(dy o,2qompressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in intoqm( xy42d,euernal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic prj(t (- ja)i:7psfzkx focess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal -jz(k7f( pi) j txa:fsenergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of x1*ml zcgad4n:+tsebvh.+p / a system decreases by 50 J. What is thedne+*+hxg bl : m4t/cza.1v sp work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 5dhvk -)j d4mb4w0c v;e0 J. What is the heat exchb-wdd hv4mck4 v ;e0j)ange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at consta/yvmx uv 3wbys-u 46e/nt volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat i-v4m3/wu bv exuy/s6 ys accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled bytm4 xn v(q,f(bh) tt7l 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas a 4l nht,)fqm( t7bv(xtre in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 0qulro lf8at cj/+pkl1 )w6 )n3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each n84xetf:f : bjw9cml,/ pvkxj:ltl3/ cycle. What is the effivj:n4/l/m tfexjcb9xt,p 8k3 fw:: l lciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J 6bko,sd :zx;d of heat per cycle. How much work does it perf 6xdo: zdks,;borm in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J5n)e;:da*k ;qom3w5t, 1qz, thomjv9g wooos of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycmo9t* , m n55 oz;d,owks1hqeqja3;vw:goo) tle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal 91feh bp.xi(it1zyy b*: n*f0ew8f xxof heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency fy 1x1hf .:xi9bntx*f8z0y*b eipe (w of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal.gmr4(gdi 7vx7 Calculate the wo vmx77gdir( g4rk done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the 47 /5i mmngclwxnv 2t+following characteristics: combustii7vlcg 24nt5m/n m +xwon chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the fh/9ceo07ozb rosv+0xe9 sp( oollowing characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =b scz hov(0oo/osx+7e09r e9p $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient ens v4xoj;2x :e+vmu p4sgines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatupe+;:mxvuovx 4j4s2s re = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pas vcmn) v-ummjb+cw g++u6qf5lf) 03lant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genernszj6q6gg,c0ww +j b0 ates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600s.qllotr/:-l MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an en a ktzugd*j, (+12hho+v ujfb2gine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for buzum/4o7p(9v4 kzj q tmt -6aan engine operating betwe 7vm4z/-( mquzk b p9oaj4tu6ten $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot enjz 9vwklgj7-w 4q ,ej0gine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the- 0wz,7q4j9l kjwe jvg temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinglsa *x( g*f:e1cvv97lm -jiw6h(xpcm between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezingcmz x .8ltz.l+ compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. H+.zzml. 8cxtlow much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmentlfyg3j;8 q mh6 ca5 r/hm.0z;ds +gj)n+ep fcy at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ fgclq8srhe;yc.+m6 zf ja5/pyg;d+ j30mnh)into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of h ae2, e5vp2nbweat from the freezer a ewv ba2p2en,5nd expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in ento p8;bpv ;mkr7ropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy iki, lf hpmf5,u6 hej0:s

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas a;2xqvgw d p jhs410e2-*3u.p i fpbcdit STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes by0pfip hb.2 ;e2udv1-3xj gpciqw*sd4
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ad6 rfr07(zrl$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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