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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph iskkn/s 5u1 hrlf *)usf36 ;scpc an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there isdo-qat td/m5-*60sizu q c 4+ synedz) no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therun:rjw/1 r yjih 0,;vtmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original voluk b8t,e/onw5jme with no change in its temperature. This proceb,5jtn /8 ewokss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Durinltq )9fohh a.+d1 x jz2jq+po-mgy5h*g this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gaoohlg+a+ 2qdqh)-5fj1p9 xh*jt zy.m s. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origz8d7h/x xlmr,;/gxm uco sajxxq 97 1.inal volume during an isothermal process. The final presxx8 7zjq; d xsx9c/ugxmr,a.l/7oh1msure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During th*cz k+l jr(zo/x-.hfp is process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Whcpzo -ljx* f/h.r+zk (ich of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During *rm/ *qudacau4 8t9div4 mj4 ethe event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surrounding umat4c9 rd qj*am *d4iu/4e8vs. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermm +bgfnhx5e;g 6t3m4 eodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comp,u ir+l,o1c dpressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic pdr1c u,io,l +process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical it*xd1,wn*x.zw v 9gw j 3sw5rin all respects except that one contains j *53*twxz s,.wgxvw1nw9ir d $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas i;fy9/ cxov (dbdentical in all respects except that one contains 9cb(; ovyd/ xf$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dd(g u u1- i;+.wgnuskziagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,v k1c5x1wcwy6s .y:dsk8e es:qzw-/j there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t zoi23rxrps q0c*xd12hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as +8r6y r ckimz2heat is added to it. This procirrzkym+862c ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are trexx x8 bgy e0))qvi3 nbg,./clansferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, tbe/yxgv8gi,ex) xn )cq3b 0 l.he internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram 9 q,b x,gvy2 1kiwttw-is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chanaahuq j5 f nv lg+x3u-8b1gxm( m*0b5jge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law oa)cyt61ck 0y yf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid containe .p2y znnk 8d6tlhmmr t0p)m:9r that cannot expand as heat energy is added to irth2m 9t )m lnp:np8m.6kyd0 zt. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant vwx:r5y+huwh uk76 ) yej0 ur4aolume. As a result, wrx jwu4 r6uk) a057yhh+:yuethe internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyl,k+lge t1e-tltd + ht/b tt-9namics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot3wa8;-vc1ws ir;-;ir mzb h yd reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reser6dv6dn( f :ejrvoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamicszz;)y,6x;;pekopwaa3-nyth9f6l gq according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how m*5qw 7* fr jh87iuywxk;o*2-hhyjc phuch work is done by an enxhu2oqw hy* 7 jfp5k*;cjh h*-riyw78gine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio o9)5a +u ljyjl( hd1mdcf

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency tmyqac37/ ey) skxlh7:x ki x51zx d4;n(0iaoof a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mu3dlz 7k q7siam5xh4i:)n kxt1ae;xy/ 0xoc(yst be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis(-w)w3s -xcsh 1krsshts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamiccnx/;.2q :zrxul:lc -3rbb szs.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfof) jx5-kxzj h:xu n3mxx (0of3rmance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ofmhxj 3:0f(xnk- u 5xo3 )xjxzf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined asdgqa1 id 6w-q7 the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, tha(vj4xwdx 0 -be entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for08xm+od; kg kxzn w(k/ any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the chdk onxxkw+ z(;m 80k/goices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamicsn,4byn) e rx.d0h5 0jdo+f+ fzg(iw-r,v tvnb.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to concludi:z jc-s 8n v84d6wvpxe that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from az yhk0ip4(dt 95vuq6 g/k tt8 c1zox)rn ideal gas. What is the change in inz id80t k6kxu/vg1hc(zt95pq o4t y)rternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed frkdp 2gnov n8dp2uj++( om an ideal gas. What is the workvd p8d on2(kujgn ++p2 done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isotherboj8h l*j3giqo*rk zu b+)) ;vmal process is -400 J. What is )olr*) ;zi+gqv83b b*ju oj khthe change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chan8ml a:e,hm o9fge in internal energy of e9,h:ml8fa om the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes o kaasl//g5 z87h,d 4kho7bpdan adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal end8hoao pkh4dlk/b7 sgz /5a,7ergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the intern9nzc): sxs)m,z( ) rsbz ht*vqal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is)v)mxtz9 :hnc zqbs s(rz*, )s the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal ejfchia /1wdor+ y((v- fwp 3i0 evq0.ynergy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whatfwa vw 1/p -(v ij(ci0f eyqhr.0o3y+d is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintaineif1hx jc+s00o d at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done byxi01jc+0 fh os the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constaf/,es uao u.m 0(xng6qnt volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sax./a,uqu nfsemo(g60 mple?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of waterl pn/ hrx9xj39 at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in eacjhx;pqjiqfb)-v lu(3dv 0)y /h cycle. What is the efficp )q-l(uv)x3 0v/fh iy;qjdbj iency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cy nt7/: ,0gh*7bwcebui -pndu tcle. How much work dc7u: -/i un0tdbgh*e,b7wt np oes it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1s6.gobkfhzu8z(p 6d 40g4 tq j50 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhauju4b6 4dkhf0 ps. 6g zq(gotz8st in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ean:pd1p9 qql9:poxu j/ch cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency jqq9/1:p: dn9 lxupopof each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 4u7-cio;zp zdfzd7re fp11u 8 (2 kcal. Calculate the workzz7-uc; 81df 1ir7p (udpfz eo done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicgm6w/(5khs,k adhsfou(/s 8du3spq s0n )t h4s: combustion ca)s(/tudqd6o s(hhsf4k np8s k,05 3um hs /wghamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterig1b8jx u,.gwe qn;.zu o1st/t stics: combustion chamber temperature =tbno/1 u 8 jz1e;u.., wgsgtqx $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristickk- 0l rkjnr jwwknb0/ln*734+ mirr* s: combustion chamber temp /43+nlb mi -wkrl7*w0n k rnr0j*krkjerature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant ustkn)d5i:k)3qfsb;9 ljc a8 m;dg h)ai es $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The planto / 3poxpg1bft+fl 9 wjv:)a6s uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generate ,- nkv7wejn1fr 4.yvus 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engiydgmtf0*zei;2k1p ; uzs fgwzd; 34n,ne which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible iplfb ytc*51b5(m-s nfor an engine operating between mf bs-l5nybt ic(15*p $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine ivo x4ff.a)r4e s 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot resexr af44)v.e forvoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operat6vs 5shg/eq6 -c h3:wqleixy;ing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 x5mv8a7vatvwl:*q ,j kJ and ejects 2v,t78ql*awa m vv j:5x4 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freeza.a 2mmtezg y0i63h 3jing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and 0mt.y2 ag az6hj3 eim3ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerat)ju.wd ox35/z ojbm(eor absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. )o .dezmbwj/j(x 5 3ou How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of *ih mxj (dbn z n7 ;(p6yg/cht225ywqqice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, th dvsxidrqt1 4 g/x/,o4da j;:se change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its ent hs gshu k1 mrda;w,;c(of:,3propy chang(,f ghc,ds;r3ah1uwmk p:;s oes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at c js7br dih-jjqa)0;/s) / h(t dsfsu6$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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