Molecules and Solids (id: b3d251aed)

本题目来源于试卷: Molecules and Solids，类别为 IB物理学

[单选题]
Does the $ \text{H}_2 $ molecule have a permanent dipole moment? Does $ \text{O}_2 $? Does $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $? Explain.

A. yes
B. no


参考答案:  A


本题详细解析:
No, the H2 molecule does not have a permanent dipole moment. The oar03 zd3p+(mnys x5r7xv u/lzuter electrons are shared equally between the two atoms and they don’t leave any y3r+v/dxz ulspamnr3 0xz57(unbalanced “polar” ends that are more positively or negatively charged. No, the $O_2$ molecule does not have a permanent dipole moment. The outer electrons are shared equally between the two atoms and they don’t leave any unbalanced “polar” ends that are more positively or negatively charged. Yes, the $H_2O$ molecule does have a permanent dipole moment. The electrons from the hydrogen atoms tend to spend more time around the 8 positively charged protons of the oxygen atom than the one positively charged proton in each hydrogen atom. This leaves the hydrogen atoms slightly positive and on one side of the molecule, while leaving the oxygen atom slightly negative on the other side of the molecule (see Figure 29-6). This creates a permanent dipole moment.

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